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RICHARD K. FOX, 

PROPRIETOR OF THE POLICE GAZETTE 
PUBLISHING HOUSE. 




BASEBALL 


By JOHN J. McGRAW, 

MANAGER-CAPTAIN OF THE NEW 
YORK CLUB, NATIONAL LEAGUE. 




| ALSO THE OFFICIAL j 

RULES FOR 1904 

AND SCHEDULE OF GAMES 

TO BE PLAYED'. ' : 

FULLY ILLUSTRATED. 


RICHARD K. FOX, Publisher, 

FRANKLIN SQ., NEW YORK CITY. 














, |Y| 14- 


UBRARY of CONGRESS 
Two CoDies Received 

MAY 3 1904 

Copyright Entry 
CLASy fO XXc. No. 

£ L t “\ <? 

COPY B 1 


Copyright 1904 

by 

Richard K. Fox 


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INDEX 


How to Pitch ........ 

The Man Behind the Bat ..... 

On First Base ....... 

Second Base ....... 

Third Base ........ 

Short Stop ....... 

At the Bat ........ 

In the Outfifld ....... 

Concerning Base Running ...... 

Sliding to Base ....... 

On Bunting ........ 

Schedule for American and National League Games 

FOR 1904. 72, 73, 74. 


9 

17 

27 

33 

39 

45 

49 

59 

63 

67 

69 

75 

77 


Official Rules 


INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS 


RICHARD K. FOX . 

How to Pitch : 

For a Fast Inshoot . 

For a Slow Drop . 

For a Fast High Inshoot . 

For a Speedy Outcurve 
For a Speedy Drop 

Bliss' Style of Delivery . 
Matthewson About to Deliver 
Matthewson Delivering 
McGinnity Ready for a Throw 
McGann on First Base 
McGann Reaching for a Liner 
Ganzel After a Wild Throw 
McGraw Picking Up a Grounder 
McGraw Taking a Straight Throw 
McGann Meeting a Grounder 
McGraw Under a Fly 
Fultz After a High One 
McCormick Getting a Fly . 

Making a Head-First Base Slide 
How to Slide Feet First . 

Batter’s Position for a Sacrifice Hit 
Lowe Ready for a Bunt 
Davis Ready for a Place Hit 
Willie Keeler Bunting 
The New Pitching Machine 
Champion Boston Americans 
Harry C. Pulliam 
Official Diagram of a Field 


2 

8 

10 

12 

14 

16 

18 

20 

22 

24 

26 

28 

30 

32 

34 

36 

38 

40 

42 

44 

46 

48 

50 

52 

54 

56 

58 

70 

76 


PREFACE 



T N writing a book that will give the amateur some 
idea of the points of the national game of base¬ 
ball, I have tried to put as much as possible in 
the brief space allowed me 

There are many things in the great game which 
can only be learned on the diamond and by constant 
playing, and I would advise those who are interested 
to practice early and often and study out for them¬ 
selves the many finer points of the game. 

The science of baseball demands a quick brain, 
an active body, and a pair of good eyes. Every 
muscle in the body is brought into play and the man 
who wants to become a star must literally work his 
way upward. 

The student will do well to practice long and 
accurate throwing, develop to the highest possible 
point his sprinting abilities, and become an adept 
with the bat. The latter is most important of all, as 
will be noted by a reference to the chapter on batting. 







FOR A FAST INSHOOT THE BALL SHOULD BE HELD IN THIS MANNER. 















HOW TO PITCH. 


The pitcher of to-day must be clever, confident, 
and cool headed, and he must know what to do 
at the right time. Speed is considered absolutely 
necessary, although many crack pitchers have their 
own ideas as to that. One thing, however, must 
be remembered, and that is, that the man who 
throws the swiftest ball is not always the most 
effective. 

The pitcher should bear in mind that every bat¬ 
ter whom he faces has some weak point, and he 
should find it out as early in the game as possible, 
and take advantage of it. But the most difficult 
ball for a batter to hit is a high, fast one, and 
which, when hit, is usually productive of a fly, 
and easily fielded. 

A pitcher’s object is to deceive the man at the 
bat and to> induce him to hit at deceptive balls, 
and that is where the curve, the drop, and the in¬ 
shoot come in. 

To be a good pitcher you must have the abil¬ 
ity to deliver a great variety of balls, so as to keep 
the batter guessing. 




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THE METHOD OF DELIVERY FOR A SLOW DROP 














SCIENCE OF BASEBALL 


II 


Fielding is another qualification a pitcher should 
cultivate. The balls that come his way from the 
bat are, as a rule, very swift liners or difficult 
grounders. He must think and act quickly, and 
be ready for any emergency. 

The watching of bases must also be taken into 
consideration, and the runners held close. More 
hits will unquestionably be made off the man who 
does this, but the score card will show fewer 
runs. 

A pitcher should throw the ball with a quick 
snap, making as few unnecessary movements as 
possible. Every act should be decisive, and many 
a base runner has come to grief because there was 
an alert pitcher in the box. 

He should pay a great deal of attention to the 
catcher, who is in a position to view the entire 
field, and be on the lookout for signals from him 
as to where the ball should be sent. Many a use¬ 
less throw can be saved by this and many a run¬ 
ner may be caught napping. 

He should be in a position to cover, in an emer¬ 
gency, any base left vacant, in order to catch a 
runner between bases. 

On all throws from the outfield to the home 
plate he should back up the catcher, although it 
may be considered advisable to take the ball him¬ 
self should the play, in his opinion, call for it. 






HOW THE BALL SHOULD BE HELD FOR A FAST HIGH INSHOOT. 















SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


13 


When the ball is hit to him he should make 
up his mind in an instant what to do, and do it 
promptly, but without haste, which sometimes de¬ 
feats its own end. 

Never delay, but if the pitcher fields a ball he 
should get it to its destination as quickly and as 
accurately as possible. 

Many a pitcher, with too much confidence, has 
delayed too long, the baseman to whom he has 
thrown the ball has fumbled it, and as a result 
the runner has made the base. 

Above all things, the pitcher is not supposed 
to play an individual game. A team game is what 
counts in successful baseball, and while it is very 
gratifying to make a play for the grand stand, it 
is better for the good of the nine to work together. 

If the pitcher finds he is being hit freely he 
wants to do what fighters would do—steady him¬ 
self until he has regained his control and form. 

Pitching means more than the simple act of 
sending the ball across the plate. It means sci¬ 
ence, and careful study, as well as the art of know¬ 
ing just what kind of a ball to deliver at a critical 
moment. 

Pitchers have been known to throw a ball so 
close to the man at the bat that it was necessary 
for him to jump out of the way to save himself * 

from being hit. The object was to get his nerve 
and make him lose his coolness. 




THIS IS THE POSITION FOR A SPEEDY OUT CURVE. 


















SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


15 


The ideal pitcher is the man who plays the game 
with his head, who is ready for every emergency, 
cool, quick, alert, and never caught napping. 

Of course, a big man, for obvious reasons, 
makes a better pitcher than a small man, because 
he has physique to back him; but that is no rea¬ 
son why a small man shouldn't make a good 
pitcher. 

It requires incessant practice to master the art, 
but it is well worth the trouble. 

The illustrations shown here regarding the de¬ 
livery of the ball should be carefully studied and 
conscientiously practiced, and success will surely 
follow. Only practice and experience will teach 
the novice. 





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THE MAN BEHIND THE BAT. 


One of the most important positions on the 
nine is that of catcher, a point which will be con¬ 
ceded by even the novice at the game. The best 
work of a pitcher can be rendered ineffective if 
he does not receive the support of the catcher. 

Even in the most favorable light, the position 
is not an easy one, and it is always in the danger 
zone. Many a good catcher has pulled his team 
out of a hole at a critical moment, and has helped 
the pitcher to steady himself. 

The catcher is the man who is practically in con¬ 
trol of the field, because his position faces every 
player, and, consequently, not a move should es¬ 
cape him. 

By a system of signals he can notify the pitcher 
of every move made by the base runner, and when 
and where to throw a ball to catch a man nap¬ 
ping. 

A long reach is almost indispensable for a 
catcher, for by its means he will be the better 
enabled to handle wild pitches. 




BLISS’ STYLE OF DELIVERY 













SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


19 


A catcher who can hold the balls, no matter 
how fast or erratic they come, is bound to in¬ 
spire a pitcher with confidence, to say nothing of 
the good effect his work will have upon the rest 
of the team. 

A catcher with weight is bound to have a great 
advantage over a lighter man, because with nerve 
and pounds he will be better enabled to block a 
base runner who is willing to take all kinds of 
chances. He is bound to have nerve, anyhow, if 
he expects to be successful behind the bat, be¬ 
cause it is a great strain to be compelled to face 
the rapid-fire work of a good pitcher, watch the 
field, look after fouls, and protect the home plate. 

The catcher should never weaken in his work. 
If he is up against a fast, strong pitcher, he must 
take the balls as they come, and not be afraid of 
them. 

For this the best thing is practice, and keep 
at it. His hands should never be allowed to grow 
soft. The good catcher will let nothing go past 
him; he must be able to throw accurately, and he 
must have a brain that acts quickly. He must 
watch the bases closely and head off a runner. 

Many a game has been lost by the wild throw 
of a catcher who wasn’t well up in the game; and 
there is no position on the team that calls for 
harder work. 




MATHEWSON ABOUT TO DELIVER THE BALL 













SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


21 


He must be thoroughly familiar with signals, 
and be able to use them in such a manner that 
they will not be learned by any of the opposing 
players. 

There is style in catching, just as there is style 
in anything else. There is a way to stand and a 
place to stand, as well as a way to throw. 

In standing, the body should be bent well for¬ 
ward from the hips, with the knees straight, or 
almost so. The object is to assume such a posi¬ 
tion that the ball can be readily handled at any 
point from the ground up. 

Don’t crouch, but assume an easy position. 

Don’t make any more work than is necessary, 
as energy is a good thing to take care of. 

Keep your feet fairly close together—never 
more than 12 inches apart—and always be pre¬ 
pared for a quick throw. Bear in mind that the 
catcher must be prepared for every kind of an 
emergency, and he must be in form to make a long 
throw, stop a low ball, a high ball, or get to a foul 
at an instant’s notice. 

The catcher and the pitcher should thoroughly 
understand each other, and after the signal the 
hands should be held in such a position that the 
batter will not have any reason to suspect which 
kind of a ball is coming at the next throw; so 
never give any of the opposing team any advan¬ 
tage in that direction. 




CHRISTY MATHEWSON DELIVERING THE BALL, 






SCIENCE OF BASEBALL 


23 


The position of the catcher can always be 
changed when the pitcher is ready to deliver the 
ball, and he can then prepare himself to hold it. 

Too much importance cannot be placed upon 
throwing accurately and promptly to the bases, 
and here again is where practice will make the 
good player. One of the best catchers in the 
business has this to say: 

‘‘When about to catch a ball which is to be 
immediately thrown, be in a position to receive 
the ball on the right side; take one short step 
with the left foot, and in throwing, send the ball 
straight from the shoulder without drawing the 
arm too far back.” 

There isn’t a great lot of speed in a ball of 
that character, but there is less time spent in start¬ 
ing it on the way, and that more than equalizes 
matters. 

In making long throws the ball should be sent 
overhand, but in throwing to first and third bases 
the snap throw will be found to be best. 

Don’t catch with a stiff arm, as it is liable to 
injure the hands. Relax the muscles and let the 
hands give with the ball. Don’t meet it with a 
jolt and increase the strain. 

The good catcher will be careful to keep his 
hands in good condition, and take no chances of 
having them crippled. 

Now a word as to foul flies. 




McGINNITY ABOUT TO DRAW BACK FOR A THROW. 




















SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


25 


It looks easy from the outfield or grand stand 
for a catcher to get under a foul, but it takes a 
quick, alert player to handle them successfully. 
They are usually hit behind him, and it is some¬ 
times very confusing to have to turn around too 
quickly. But here is where practice comes in 
again, and it doesn’t do any harm to practice on 
fouls. 

There have been many arguments as to where 
a catcher should stand when guarding the home 
plate, and there is a considerable difference of 
opinion on this point. Some stand a couple of feet 
back of the line and near the plate, contending 
that this makes it impossible for the runner to 
slide around them. But the majority seem to 
concede that the proper position is in front of 
the plate and about two feet toward third base. 

Courage is most essential in a catcher’s makeup, 
and he must be quick to think and quick to act. 





McGANN ON FIRST BASE 


VV.V 












ON FIRST BASE. 


In view of the fact that a large percentage of 
the balls are thrown to the first baseman, the po¬ 
sition is not as easy a one as it is usual to con¬ 
sider it. Some years ago, when the rules were 
very much different from what they are now, the 
first baseman had a sinecure, but now all that is 
changed, and the man on first must be very much 
alive. 

It is considered good policy to cut off a player 
at third instead of the man who has just been 
at the bat, and who is trying to reach first, but 
the play should be made quickly. There are plenty 
of opportunities to make a double play, but many 
times they end in disaster, and allow the man on 
second base to get to third. So remember the old 
rule—that one out is better than none out. 

Watch the-man at the bat. 

When the bases are vacant play well into the 
field, in order to get hits that would otherwise be 
safe, and depend upon the pitcher to cover the 
base. In the event of fielding the ball at a short 




MCCANN ON FIRST REACHING FOR A LINER, 








SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


29 


distance from the base, if the pitcher is covering 
it don’t make the mistake of a swift overhand 
throw, which is liable to be muffed. 

In case the base is occupied, watch the batter 
closely, and if he bunts the ball toward first, run 
in and get it and throw it to second, on the chance 
that it may be returned promptly enough to head 
off the man who is trying to make first. 

Too much importance cannot be attached to this 
play, which has been adopted by all good first 
basemen. 

But don’t hurry. 

Take your time, and make your throw accurate, 
and then get to your base, where you will be ready 
to receive the return throw. 

But before you throw, be sure that you will 
head the runner off. Make a sure-thing play of 
it, and if there should be any doubt about it, bear 
in mind that you can at least put out the batter. 

One of the most essential qualifications of a 
man playing first is his ability to successfully han¬ 
dle low balls, and a good clean pick up has re¬ 
tired many a runner at this point. 

A long reach is a good thing for any ball player 
to have, no matter in what position he plays, and 
its advantages in handling wild throws is self- 
evident. It is sometimes a difficult matter for a 
fielder to gauge a long throw, and the best posi¬ 
tion is to stand with both feet in front of the 





FIRST BASEMAN CANZEL AFTER A WILD THROW. 





SECOND BASE. 


It requires a cool head for second base, as well 
as a thorough familiarity with the signals, and 
many a man holding down second has brought 
disaster to his side by going up in the air at a 
critical moment. 

Assuming that the first and third bases are oc¬ 
cupied, and that the man on first is trying to steal 
to second, the man on second will give the signal 
to the catcher for a long throw, while the short 
stop will back him up. 

Then, if the man on third attempts to score, 
a wide-awake second baseman will return the ball 
to the home plate and cut him off. 

Then, assuming that the man on third does not 
try to score, the second baseman will allow the 
ball to go to the short stop, who has temporarily 
covered the base, and put out the runner from 
first to second. 

This is more or less of a trick play, when made 
under these circumstances, in order to induce the 
runner on third base to attempt to score. 








SCIENCE OF BASEBALL 


25 


This play has caused more criticism among the 
experts than any other on the diamond, but it is 
given here in the way it is played by those second 
basemen who rank as stars. 

Quick judgment is absolutely necessary to this 
position, for with a runner on first, and the ball 
hit out to near him, a man hasn’t got a great while 
to think what to do. Here is his chance for a 
double play, which he ought readily to make, if 
he keeps his head. But this, of course, with the 
understanding that no one, or perhaps one man, 
is out. 

The proper place to stand is just inside of the 
line, two or three feet from the base, unless, of 
course, the runner happens to be a diver or a 
slider, when it is advisable to play behind the 
line. 

The object of playing inside the line is to be 
nearer the ball on a short throw from the catcher, 
and gathering in a grounder quickly. 

A great many flies come to the second baseman’s 
territory, and many of them are extremely diffi¬ 
cult to handle. He may have to go to center or 
right field, or he may have to run in almost to 
the pitcher. In cases of this kind there is always 
the chance of two men, both after the same ball, 
colliding. To avoid this, if he is reasonably sure 
of getting the fly, he should shout: 

•'Til take it!” 




DAN McGANN MEETING A GROUNDER. 








SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


37 


No reply is necessary to this, as the other player 
assumes that everything is all right. 

And then, on the other hand, unless this is done, 
both players may stop running for the ball, each 
one assuming that the other will take it, and both 
will miss it. 

Many an easy fly has proved a safe hit because 
of a misunderstanding between players in the 
field. 

A little practice and experience will soon prove 
to a player whether he can get the ball or 
not, and if his colleague has the better chance, 
he should allow him by all means to take the 
ball. 

Don’t try for a grand stand play at the expense 
of the game. 

Don’t call out that you will take the ball un¬ 
less it is almost a certainty that you can take it. 





HOW MCGRAW HANDLES A FLY. 






THIRD BASE. 


The third baseman is right in line with some 
of the hardest hits, which it takes no little amount 
of nerve and courage to' face. 

Besides this, he occupies what is considered by 
many experts one of the most difficult positions 
on the diamond. 

When a runner is on third base, the temptation 
to steal home is very great, and here is where the 
third baseman’s alertness comes into play. With 
one run needed to win, or tie the score, his posi¬ 
tion is indeed a trying one, and it frequently hap¬ 
pens that the game is in his hands. 

A good man on third can make the position a 
comparatively easy one, just the same as a good 
man anywhere can do any kind of work with less 
exertion than one who may be less capable. 

The good man on third will study the peculiari¬ 
ties of the men at the bat, and become just as fa¬ 
miliar with them as the pitcher. He will pick 




DAVE FULTZ JUMPING FOR A HIGH ONE 






SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


41 


out the hunters, and try, as far as is possible, to 
anticipate the play. The toughest proposition he 
has to face is the expert with the willow, who is 
not only a scientific batter, but a sprinter of abil¬ 
ity. 

He must make up his mind that the batter is 
just as clever as he is, and will try and deceive 
him, if possible. 

Such a batter will do all in his power to induce 
the baseman to play in close by pretending to bunt, 
and will then make a safe hit. 

So the man on third who expects to be really 
good in the position must know to a certain extent 
about what is going to happen—in advance. 

He should field all of the easy, slow hits, in¬ 
stead of the short stop, with whom he must have 
a complete understanding. And as in every other 
position on a nine, team work counts for a great 
deal in the long run. But he shouldn’t conflict 
with the short stop by endeavoring to reach a ball 
that ought to be fielded by the latter. 

He should also watch the bases, and when he 
throws the ball, throw it to the right place at the 
right time. 

If it should so happen, as it frequently does, that 
a runner is on first base, and a hit is made to third, 
he should throw the ball to second, from whence 
it will go to first, with two out as the result. But 





MCCORMICK GETTING UNDER A FLY 




SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


43 


if there is no chance for a double play, he should 
give the throw to second the preference, by all 
means. 

There are many intricacies in this position which 
will soon be mastered by an earnest, intelligent, 
ambitious player, if he will study them. 





BROWNE ILLUSTRATES A HEAD FOREMOST SLIDE TO FIRST. 





SHORT STOP. 


This means an exceedingly active man, good 
at a sprint, quick to get in action, and just as 
quick to stop; a good and accurate thrower, and 
the more ability he has to throw a ball the better 
will he be able to support a very trying posi¬ 
tion. 

He is also an emergency second and third base- 
man, and must be always ready to get to either 
one very quickly when he is wanted. 

The short stop covers a territory in which it 
is very easy for an experienced batter to send 
the ball, and he must, perforce, keep all his wits 
about him. It frequently happens that he will 
have to field the ball on a run. He must then 
make a dead stop and send it to first without de¬ 
lay. 

The position of short stop offers many oppor¬ 
tunities for individual star plays, and the work 
of a good man will have no little effect upon the 
score card. 




BROWNE OF THE NEW YORKS SLIDING FEET FIRST 











SCIENCE OF BASEBALL 


47 


And here, again, a word of caution, which 
seems to be particularly appropriate. Don’t throw 
the ball until you are sure you are going to get 
it to the hands of the man who is waiting to re¬ 
ceive it, and don’t be over anxious. Wild throws 
and fumbles are inexcusable errors, which should 
never be made. 

Better not throw the ball at all, than throw it 
wild, and give the runner a chance to make an¬ 
other base, or perhaps score. 

The duty of a short stop includes that of tak¬ 
ing part in the play when a runner is caught be¬ 
tween the bases, and he assists the baseman in 
running the player down. Don’t make too many 
throws in play. Start off at full speed, and get 
the runner in action, and then make the throw to 
the fielder who is in front of the man. A few 
throws will generally do the trick, and a lot of 
surplus energy will be saved. 

The short stop should thoroughly familiarize 
himself with the system of signals of the team, 
especially those which are used between the catch¬ 
er and the first and second basemen, so that he 
will be informed of approaching plays, and be 
able to back them up promptly and effectively. 

He is supposed to be an all-around man, and 
he is; and his business is to help the other play¬ 
ers on the team whenever and wherever it is pos¬ 
sible to do so. 




CLARK’S POSITION FOR A SACRIFICE 














AT THE BAT. 


In many games the batting tells the story, and 
while a player may be a star in almost any posi¬ 
tion on the nine, yet he is liable to be weak when 
at the bat. 

The way to learn how to handle the bat is to 
go up against a good pitcher and try and hit him. 
Practice is everything, but in batting there is a 
great deal more to be learned than would seem 
at first glance. The veriest tyro can take a ball 
and a bat and knock flies and grounders, and he 
can become so proficient that he will be able to 
send the sphere a long distance. But put him up 
against a good pitcher, and he will fan the air for 
a few minutes and then go and take a seat on 
the bench and give somebody else a chance. 

So to all baseball players this advice is given: 

Learn how to bat pitched balls, and train the 
eye to follow the ball and gauge it accurately. 

There are very few young men who, if they hit 
a ball fairly, cannot send it a great distance; they 
have muscle enough for that, so that it isn’t a ques- 




LOWE READY FOR A BUNT. 

















SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 5* 

tion of strength alone; but the thing is to hit it, 
and the science of it all is to put it in a good safe 
spot, whether it is in the infield or the outfield. 

And now assume that the game has begun, and 
you are at the bat. Don’t be in a hurry; there 
is plenty of time. Watch the pitcher, and when 
he delivers the ball shift your eyes to it. 

Stand firm, with the legs not too far apart, and 
within easy reaching distance of the plate. 

Be confident. 

Don’t let the pitcher get your nerve. 

When the pitcher is about to deliver the ball 
be prepared to meet it, and try and make up your 
mind whether it is a fast ball or a slow ball. 

Study his delivery, and try to discover what he 
is going to do next. 

Rather let a ball go and have a strike, than 
miss it, because nothing is so discouraging as to 
hit at a ball and miss it. The weight should be 
on the forward foot, and once the ball has been 
started don’t attempt to change your position, and 
don’t make a wild swing or reach for it. 

A trained eye and close calculation will do more 
for the man at the bat than the muscles of San- 
dow; and be careful not to take a long step on the 
spur of the moment in going after what seems 
an easy ball. Keep all the advantage of height 
in order to bat a moderately high ball. 





GEO. DAVIS READY FOR A PLACE HIT. 




















SCIENCE or BASEBALL. 


53 


The secret of a long hit is not muscle; it’s knack. 
It lies in the hitting of the ball at precisely the 
proper moment, with a sharp, quick stroke, and 
adding to it the impetus given by the shoulders. 

It isn’t necessary to swing hard, either; in fact, 
in many cases, it is a fatal error, and it robs the 
batter of his judgment of distance and accuracy. 

Don’t look for a home run. The base hit is 
what pulls the batting average up. 

Study the field, and master the ability to send 
the ball into a certain territory, rather than to try 
and send it a great distance; and don’t forget 
that flies are fatal to the batter in many instances. 

It is conceded that the bat should hit the bail 
not more than six inches from the end. 

The weight of the bat doesn’t make a very great 
difference—that is at the option of the player. 

It is a hard matter to define just how the bat 
should be held, because many good players have 
their own opinion on this subject; but you will not 
be very far out of the way if you keep the hands 
slightly apart, and in a position that the bat may 
be readily and easily handled. 

One of the most important things to learn is 
scientific hitting. For this the hands should be 
much further apart, and the player should lean 
forward and wait for a low ball, which is the 
best for this purpose. The trouble with a high 





WILLIE KEELER BUNTING; BEVILLE BEHIND THE BAT 






















SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


55 


ball is that the batter is liable to pop up an easy 
fly, which can be easily caught by the infield. 

The ability to place a ball in any certain terri¬ 
tory—it should be called an art—cannot be over¬ 
estimated, and too much attention cannot be given 
to it. 

This particular chapter is one of the most im¬ 
portant in this book, because it applies to all play¬ 
ers, no matter what their positions on the nine 
may be. Every man has to bat, while only two 
or three have to pitch, or occupy certain posi¬ 
tions on the field. 

And, above all, be confident. 

Don’t be afraid of being hit with the ball. Re¬ 
member you are about to engage in a contest in 
which you will have nine men against you, and 
you have every chance of winning, notwithstand¬ 
ing the apparently unequal odds. 

For the batter, confidence is half the game; and 
he shouldn’t fear a pitched ball; the fact of be¬ 
ing hit by a ball shouldn’t get a man’s nerve. It’s 
all in the game, and if a player is enthusiastic over 
the great national game he will be willing to take 
the few hard knocks that go with it. 

If your eyes are at all bad, don’t play ball, for 
you will never succeed. Every ball player needs 
two good eyes, and he must use them all the 
time, and more especially when he is at the bat. 





MCCINNITY AT THE PITCHING MACHINE BRESNAHAN AT BAT WARNER CATCHING. 












SCIENCE OF BASEBALL 


57 


Nothing will so rattle a man as a wild pitcher, 
especially one who delivers a speedy ball, and 
many pitchers throw wild occasionally in order to 
make a batter nervous. But wait until the ball 
comes that you want. Make up your mind that 
you want to hit the ball if the opportunity offers, 
and don’t hope and expect to be sent to your base 
on balls. Don’t play a mechanic’s game, but play 
for the love of the sport. 

The player who stands in the correct position 
at the plate will not often be hit, because he will 
be able to dodge and side step readily. 

When a player is at the bat, the only thing he 
has to consider is the ball, as it comes from the 
pitcher, and he shouldn’t shrink back every time 
a fast ball comes near him. The man who can¬ 
not face a speedy ball shouldn’t attempt to play the 
game seriously. 

Brains are just as necessary in playing ball as 
they are in business, and a man must think, and 
use them. 

Study the game, and bear in mind that a good 
man at the bat is a good man on any nine. 




THE BOSTON AMERICANS CHAMPIONS OF 1903. 
















IN THE OUTFIELD. 


The player who is a good outfielder is a valu¬ 
able and important addition to any team. His 
motto should be, “Don’t wait, but get there.” 

There are two essential qualifications, and they 
must be well developed—a strong arm and the 
ability to sprint. 

Of course, it is understood that a fielder must 
possess other good points, but these come first, and 
without them he might as well try some other po¬ 
sition, for he will never make a success in the 
field. 

Practice and good judgment will tell the story, 
for a man never knows what he can do until he 
tries. 

It isn’t everyone who can get under a fly and 
hold it, or who can field a bounding grounder and 
throw it accurately and swiftly to the proper base. 

The fielder must think quick and act quick. He 
must take the sun and the wind into considera¬ 
tion, as well as the nature of the ground upon 
which he is working. A slight inequality will 
often divert the course of a grounder that would 



6o 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


otherwise come his way, and he must allow for 
that. 

He should know, the instant the ball is hit by 
the batter, just about where it will go, and he 
should not confine himself to too small a terri¬ 
tory. 

Fielding alone will not win a game, but if suc¬ 
cessfully done its influence will be shown on the 
score of the opposing team. 

Don’t hold the ball, but throw it at once to the 
proper place, and be accurate about it, too, for 
a wild throw from the outfield is usually disas¬ 
trous, and gives the runner a chance to advance. 

It is a good rule for the center fielder, as well 
as the left fielder, to throw to second base, if there- 
is a man on first, and to throw to third if there is 
a man on second. 

With the right fielder it is different, but it is 
too long a throw to third from where he would 
probably field the ball, and with a man on first 
his play would be to send the ball to second; and 
with no men on bases, to throw it to first. 

Another point for fielders is that the fielders 
should not interfere with each other. Go for the 
ball if you have any kind of a chance to get it, 
and if you are reasonably sure you can handle it, 
announce the fact as you are running. If not, 
it is just as well to call to any of the other fielders 
who may be going for it, “You take it!” 



SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


6l 


This not only prevents confusion, but prevents 
the possibility of the ball dropping uncaught be¬ 
tween two players, which has been known to oc¬ 
cur. 

A good fielder will know as soon as a ball is 
hit just about where it will go, especially if it is 
a long fly; and if he is a good man, and he judges 
the fly will go over him, he will not keep backing 
and stumbling, but he will instantly gauge it, and, 
turning his back on it, will run to the place where 
he expects it will land. Here is where speed 
conies in, for the sooner he reaches the desired 
point the more time he will have to get directly 
under it in its drop. 

But such work as this can come only from 
long practice. It is worth the while in the end, 
and it will more than repay the ambitious ball 
player. Of course, it is easier to run in for a ball 
than out for it, but batters do not hit a ball to be 
caught, and the conscientious fielder will find that 
there is plenty of work cut out for him. 

In fielding a grounder, don’t wait until it comes 
to you, but go after it, and get it, if possible, on 
a short bound. 

Always back up the play of another fielder. No 
man is infallible, and he is liable to miss a ball; 
but with two men the chances of missing are mini¬ 
mized, and besides, it will serve to make the run¬ 
ners stick to their bases a little closer. 



62 


SCIENCE or BASEBALL. 


Another thing: a man who is backed up will 
have more confidence in his work. 

Good support is invaluable in every part of the 
game of baseball. 

Help each other, and remember, again, that good 
team work will tell in the long run. 




CONCERNING BASE RUNNING 


Every man who has a pair of legs, and who 
knows how to use them, is not a good base run¬ 
ner. Base running has come to be an art, and 
it is only second in importance to batting. As¬ 
suming that a man can bat out a good safe ball, 
but allows himself to be caught at first, second, 
or third, he isn’t as good on the team as the one 
who by dint of hard work manages to land a base 
hit and then, either by trickery or speed, or clever¬ 
ness, or all combined, manages to score. 

Excellence in base running has come to be rec¬ 
ognized, and the true lover of the game will al¬ 
ways be at work trying to deceive the fielders as 
well as the battery. But one thing is certain, and 
that is that it calls for a combination of all the 
qualities that go toward making a successful ball 
player. The man who is a sprinter, and who is 
daring, and has courage, a cool head, and clear 
judgment, will need it all when he is running 
bases. Of course, on a long safe hit, any heavy- 
footed pedestrian can amble from first to second, 



64 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL 


or from second to third, and eventually make his 
way home and score; but that isn’t baseball, any 
more than owning a couple of bats makes a man 
a crack batter. 

To be able to get away quickly is of very great 
value, as seconds count in running bases. There 
are 90 feet from base to base, and there is plenty 
of time to put a man out. 

A runner is supposed to. depend a lot on the 
advice of the coach, but he must also use his own 
brains. 

The man he has to deceive is the catcher, who 
is watching him all the time, and he has got to 
beat the ball nine times out of ten. Here is 
where the speed comes in. 

The best advice a coach can give is often wast¬ 
ed on a runner who is not quick enough to act 
on it. 

Get away—when you do get away—in a hurry, 
and keep going. 

A coach is supposed to be a good, alert man, 
but he is not perfect, any more than any other 
man is, and it often happens that a base runner 
will lose his chance while waiting for the cue to 
get off. 

He who hesitates is lost applies especially to a 
man running the bases; and here is where good 
judgment comes in. 



SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


65 


The runner should not announce his intentions 
by his actions, but he should always try to get 
the catcher off his guard. 

The man who invariably keeps well off from 
his base, and who is kept running and sliding 
back to it by the alertness of the pitcher, will 
eventually be worn out by his exertions, and when 
the time does come to run will have lost his abil¬ 
ity to sprint. 

Don’t go through any unnecessary gymnastics, 
but make every move count. A runner who is 
not well up in the game will often make three or 
four false starts in the hope of inducing the catch¬ 
er to throw to second, but a wary man behind 
the bat is never deceived by any such antics. 

The pitcher is bound to keep his eye on a run¬ 
ner who is on first base, even though his surveil¬ 
lance is not apparent, and he can hold a man 
fairly close to the bag. But that will not prevent 
a good runner from stealing to second, which he 
ought to do as soon as the opportunity presents 
itself, and leave first open for the man at the 
bat. 

But the base runner must assume that the pitch¬ 
er and catcher are both working against him as 
well as the first and second basemen. It is a case 
of four to one, and to win out he must not only 
use his feet, but his brains, wits, and good judg¬ 
ment as well. 



66 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


A, man should train for base running just as he 
should train for anything else, and he should de¬ 
vote a great deal of his time to quick starts and 
ioo-yard sprints at top speed. Very often, while 
on first, there will be a two-bagger knocked out 
from the plate, and that means he will have to 
go over 180 feet at his best pace. Then, in the 
event of a wild throw, he has ninety feet more 
to cover to score. If he isn’t in good condition, 
those ninety feet will seem very long, and in the 
end he may find the catcher waiting for him with 
the ball. 

Volume No. 2 of Fox’s Athletic Library con¬ 
tains a series of illustrated breathing exercises, 
which every player will find of great benefit, and 
he can do no better than practice them to get 
and keep his wind in good condition. 

In training for baseball, the young athlete is 
advised not to do any very heavy work that will 
tend to make him muscle-bound, if he wants to 
develop speed. The man who can lift 300 pounds 
can’t throw a ball with the same vim and snap 
as a man whose muscles have been cultivated for 
speed. It is the same with boxers. Compare the 
lightning-like Jim Corbett with muscle-bound 
Tom Sharkey, and the difference will readily be 
noted. 




SLIDING TO BASE. 


Comparatively few players are able to master 
base sliding, for obvious reasons. There are two 
ways of doing it—head first, and feet first. The 
latter is the more successful, as a rule. In the first 
place, the spiked shoes that he wears are liable 
to injure the legs of the man on the base, and 
the latter well knows it, and he will be a little 
more careful than if the runner came on head 
first. 

There is no question but that the sliding run¬ 
ner will often save his base, especially if he is 
able to throw his body one side, in order to es¬ 
cape the baseman. 

But a runner should not adopt and adhere to 
any particular style. He must vary it according 
to the exigencies of the case. He must study 
out the possibilities. When he starts he should 
have but one object in view, and that is to gain 
the base he is heading for. 

Don’t watch the ball, and pay no attention to 
anything but the base. Don’t turn your head to 
look either sideways or behind, as it is bound to 
result in loss of speed; and he shouldn’t slide un¬ 
less his pants are properly padded. 



68 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


One point suggests itself here in regard to base 
stealing, and it is this: There are times when 
it would be folly to try to steal a base, and those 
are the times when runs are needed to tie a score 
or win a game. There are times to take chances, 
and there are times to play cautious, as the play¬ 
er’s own discernment and experience will suggest; 
and team work is to be considered before every¬ 
thing else. 

Work for the good of the team at all times. 

The ideal base runner is the man who is al¬ 
ways on the alert to take instant advantage of the 
errors of his opponents. When the team is bat¬ 
ting good and strong, the runner will not have 
to take so many chances as when his side at the 
bat is hitting them weak; and here again comes 
the question of good judgment. 

Never forget that a good start is everything. 

Stealing bases is bound to have its effect on 
the average pitcher, and make him more or less 
nervous, and it doesn’t inspire the fielders with 
confidence, either. 

But it is a difficult—in fact, an impossible— 
matter to lay out plays in a book. At the best, 
it is bound to be nothing more than a series of 
hints or suggestions on the great game, and the 
man who really wants to learn to play the game 
right must use his head, and study out many of 
the problems of the diamond for himself. 



ON BUNTING. 


Although this chapter should come under the 
head of batting, yet it is strong enough and im¬ 
portant enough to have a place of its own. It 
has to-day become a distinct feature, and the man 
who knows the science of bunting is a valuable 
acquisition on any team, no matter what his other 
qualifications may be. 

The man who bunts the ball can usually place 
it in any territory he desires, for the simple rea¬ 
son that he is better able to gauge an easy hit 
than if he were going to slug. 

And it is important that the bunter should know 
just when to bunt and where to put the ball, in 
order that it may do the most good. 





HARRY C. PULLIAM, 

PRESIDENT OF THE NATIONAL LEAGUE 



Official Rales 

FOR 

Professional Baseball 

Adopted by the Joint Playing Rules 
Committee of the National and the 
American Leagues at New York , 
March 2 , 1904. 







SCHEDULE FOR NATIONAL AND AMERICAN LEAGUES 

FOR 1904. _ 

AMERICAN LEAGUE 


NATIONAL LEAGUE 


New York, at home, vs. 


Brooklyn. 
Apr 25-26 

May 26-27 28 
June 17-18-20 
July 26 27 

Sept 16 

Boston. 

Apr 28-29-30 
June 29 

July 1-2 

Sept 3-5-5-6 15 

Philadelphia. 
Apr 21-22-23 
June 25-27-28 
July 4-4-30 
Aug 1 

Sept 10 

Pittsburg. 
June 6-7-8-9 
Aug 16 16-17-18 
Sept 23-24-26 

Chicago. 
June 10-11-13 
Aug 2-3-4-5 
Sept 27-28-29 
30 

Cincinnati. 

June 1-2-3-4 
Aug 11-12-13-15 
Sept 20-21-22 

St. Louis. 

June 14-15-16 Aug 6-8-9-10 
Oct 1-3-4-5 

Brooklyn, at home, vs. 

Boston. 

Apr 18-19-20 
May 30-30-31 
June 25-27-28 
July 30 

Aug 1 

New York 
Apr 14-15-16-27 
May 25 

July 28-29 

Sept 17-19 

Oct 6-8 

Philadelphia. 
Apr 28-29-30 
June 21-22-23 
24 

Sept 12-13-14 
15 

Pittsburg. 
June 1-2-3-4 
Aug 2-3-4-5 
Sept 20-21-22 

Chicago. 
June 6-7-8-9 
Aug 6-8-9-10 
Sept 23-24-26 

Cincinnati, 
June 14-15-16 
Aug 16-16-17-18 
Oct 1-3-4-5 


St. Louis. 

June 10-11 13 Aug 11-12-13-15 
Sept 27-28 29-30 


New York, at home, vs. 


Philadelphia. 
Apr 18-19-20-22 
May 27-28-30 30 
Sept 5-5-6 

Boston. 

Apr 14-15-16 
July 7-8-9-11 
Oct 7-8-10-10 

Washington. 
May 2-3-4-5 
June 30 

July 1-2 

Sept 17-19 20-21 

Cleveland, 
May 11-12-13-14 
July 12-13-14 
15 

Aug 29-30-31 

Detroit. 
May 16-17-18 

19 

July 16-18-19 

20 

Sept 1-2-3 

Chicago. 
May 20-21-23 
July 21-22-23 
25 

Aug 19-20-22 
23 

St. Louis. 

May 24-25-26 July 26-28-29-30 
Aug 24-25-26-27 

Boston, at home, vs. 

New York. 
May 6-7-9-10 
June 25-27-28 
29 

Sept 14-15-16 

Philadelphia 
May 2-3-4-S 
June 30 

July 1 2 

Sept 17-19-20 
21 

Washington. 
Apr 18-19-19-20 
May 27-28-30-30 
Sept 5-5-6 

Cleveland. 
May 16-17-18 
19 

July 16-18-19-20 
Sept 1-2-3 

Detroit. 
May 11-12-13-14 
July 12-13-14-15 
Aug 29-30-31 

Chicago. 
May 24-25-26 
July 26-27-29 
30 

Aug 24-25-26-27 


St. Louis, 

May 20-21-23 July 21-22-23-25 
Aug 19-20-22-23 







































SCHEDULE FOR NATIONAL AND AMERICAN LEAGUES 


FOR 1904. 


NATIONAL, LEAGUE 
Boston, at home, vs. 

AMERICAN LEAGUE 
Philadelphia, at home, vs. 

Brooklyn. 
Apr 21-22 23 
July 4-4-5-6 
Sept 7-8 9-10 

New York. 
May 2-3-4 5 
June 21-22-23 
24 

Sept 12-13-14 

New York, 
Apr 27-28-29-30 
July 4^4-5-6 
Sept 7-8-9 

Boston. 

Apr 22 - 23 - 25 
26 

June 21-22-23 
24 

Sept 10-12-13 

Philadelphia. 
Apr 25-26-27 
June 17-17-18 
20 

July 26-27-28 
29 

Tittsburg. 
June 10-11-13 
Aug 11-12-13-15 
Sept 27-28-29 

30 

Washington. 
May 6-7-9-10 
July 7-8-9-10 
Sept 14-15-16 

Cleveland. 
May 20-21-23 
July 21-22 23 

25 

Aug 19-20-22-23 

Chicago. 
June 14-15-16 
Aug 16-16-17 
18 

Oct 1-3-4-5 

Cincinnati. 
June 6-7-8-9 
Aug 6-8-9-10 
Sept 23-24-26 

Detroit. 
May 24-25 26 
July 26-27-29 
30 

Aug 24 25 26-27 

Chicago. 

May 11-12-13 

14 

July 12-13-14 

15 

Sept 1-2-3 

St. Louis. 

June 1-2-3-4 Aug 2-3-4-S 

Sept 20-21-22 

St. Louis. 

May 16-17-18-19 July 16-18-19-20 
Aug 29 30-31 

Philadelphia, at home, vs. 

Washington, at home,vs. 

Brooklyn 
May 2 3-4-5 
June 29-30 
July 1-2 

Sept 3-5 5 

New York 

Apr 18-19-20 

May 30-30-31 
July 5-6 

Sept 7-8-9 

New York. 
Apr 22 - 23 - 25 
26 

June 21-22-23 
24 

Sept 10-12-13 

Boston. 

Apr 27-28-29 
30 

July 4 4 5-6 

Sept 7 8-9 

Boston. 

Apr 14-15-16 
May 27-28 

Sept 16-17-19 
Oct 6-7-8 

Pittsburg. 
June 14 15-16 
Aug 6-8-9 10 

Oct 1-3-4-5 

Philadelphia 
Apr 14-15-16 
June 25-27-28 
29 

Oct 7-8-10-10 

Cleveland. 
May 24-25-26 
July 26-27-29 

30 

Aug 24-25-26-27 

Chicago. 
June 12-3 4 
Aug 11-12-13 
15 

Sept 20-21-22 

• 

Cincinnati, 
June 10-11-13 
Aug 2-3-4-5 

Sept 27-28-29-30 

Detroit. 

May 20 21-23 
July 21-22-23 
25 

Aug 19-20-22 
23 

Chicago. 

May 16-17 18-19 
July 16- 18-19 
20 

Sept 1-2-3 

St. Louis. 

June 6-7-8-9 Aug 16 16-17 18 

• Sept 23-24 26 

St. Louis, 

May 11-12-13-14 July 12-13-14-15 
Aug 29-30-31 













































SCHEDULE FOR NATIONAL AND AMERICAN LEAGUES 


FOR 1904. 


NATIONAL, LEAGUE 
Cincinnati, at home, vs. 

AMERICAN LEAGUE 

Chicago, at home, vs. 

Brooklyn. 
May 7-8-9-10 
July 16-17-19 
20 

Aug 24-25-26 

New York. 
May 11-12-14-15 
July 12-13-14 
15 

Aug 30-31 

Sept 1 

New York. 
June 10-11-1213 
Aug 10-11-12-13 
Sept 30 

Oct 1-2 

Boston. 

June 15-16-18 

19 

Aug 14-15-16-17 
Oct 3-4-5 

Philadelphia. 
May 20 - 21 - 22 
23 

July 8-910-11 
Aug 20-21-22 

Boston. 

May 16-17-18-19 
July 21-22-23 
24 

Aug 27-28-29 

Washington. 
June 1-2 3-4 
Aug 1-2-3-4 
Sept 27-28-29 

Philadelphia 
June S-6-7-8 

Aug 5-6-7-8 

Sept 24-25-26 

Chicago. 

Apr 14-15-16-17 
May 30-80 

June 18-19 20 
21-22 

Pittsburg. 

Apr 18- 19-20 
24 

July 3-31 

Sept 4-7-8-13-14 

Detroit. 
Apr 18-19-20 
June 26 

July 3-4-4 

Sept 18 19-20 21 

Cleveland. 

Apr 14-16-17 24 
May 29 

June 21-22-23 
Sept 11-12-13 

St. Louis. 

May 2-3-4-5-29 June 25 26-27-28 
Sept 10-11 

St. Louis. 

May 6-7-8 9 June 29-30 

July 2 Oct 7 8-9 

St. Louis, at home, vs. 

St. Louis, at home,vs. 

Brooklyn 
May 20-21-22-23 
July 12-13-14-15 
Aug 20-21-22 

New York 
May 7-8-9-10 

July 8-9 10-11 
Aug 27-28-29 

New York. 
June 15-16-18-19 
Aug 14-15 16-17 
Oct 3-4-5 

Boston. 

June 10-11-12-13 
Aug 10-11-12-13 
Sept 30 

Oct 1-2 

Boston. 

May 11-12-14 
15 

July 16-17-19 
20 

Aug 24-25-26 

Pittsburg. 

Apr 15-16-17 
June 19-20-21 
22 

Sept 15-16-17-18 

Philadelphia 
June 1-2-3-4 
Aug 1-2-3-4 
Sept 27-28-29 

Cleveland. 

Apr 18-19-20-21 
June 25-26-27 
July 3 

Sept 18-20-21 

Philadelphia. 
May 16-17-18-19 
July 21 -22- 23 
24 

Aug 30-31 

Sept 1 

Cincinnati. 
Apr 28-29-30 

May 1 

July 4-4-5-6 

Oct 7-8-9 

Washington. 
June 5-6-7-8 
Aug 5-6-7-8 
Sept 24-25-26 

Chicago. 

May 1-2-3-4 
June 7-8-9-10 
Sept 15-16-17 

Chicago, 

Apr 18-19-20 June 29-30 

July 1-2 Sept 5-5-6-7 

Detroit. 

Apr 14-16-17-24 May 29 

June 21-22-23 Sept 11-12-13 




































SCHEDULE FOR NATIONAL AND AMERICAN LEAGUES 

FOR 1904. 


NATIONAL LEAGUE 
Pittsburg, at home, vs. 

Brooklyn. 
Mav 11-12-13-14 
July 21-22-23 
25 

Aug 27-29 

Sept 2 

New York. 
May 16-17-18-19 
July 16-18-19 
20 

Aug 20 22-23 

Philadelphia. 
May 6-7-9-10 
July 12-13-14 
15 

Aug 24-25-26 

Boston. 

May 20-21-23-24 
July 8-9-11-11 
Aug 30-31 

Sept 1 

Chicago. 
Apr 28-29-30 
June 25 

July 4-4-5 
Sept 9-10 

Oct 7-8 

Cincinnati. 
Apr 21-22-23 
May 26-27-28 
July 1 2 

Sept 3-5-5 

St. Louis. 

Apr 25-26 27 Mav 30-30 

June 17-18 July 27-28-29-30 

Chicago, at home, vs. 

Brooklyn 
May 16-17-18-19 
July 8-9-10-11 
Aug 30 31 

Sept 1 

New York 
May 20-21-22-23 
July 21 22-23-24 
Aug 24-25-26 

Boston. 

May 7-8-9-10 
July 12-13-14 
15 

Aug 20-21-22 

Pittsburg. 
May 1-2-3-4-29 
June 26-27-28 
Sept 11-12 

Oct 9 

Philadelphia. 
May 11-12 14-15 
July 16-17-19 
20 

Aug 27-28-29 

Cincinnati, 
Apr 25-26-27 
July 27-28-29 
30 

Sept 15-16-17-18 

St. Louis. 

Apr 21-22-23-24 May 26-27-28 

July 3-31 Sept 3-4 


AMERICAN LEAGUE 


Cleveland, at home, vs. 


New York, 
June 6-7-8-0 
Aug 5-6-8-9 
Sept 23-24-26 

Boston. 
June 1-2-3-4 
Aug 1-2-3-4 
Sept 27-28-29 

Washington. 
June 15-16-17 18 
Aug 15-16-17-18 
Sept 30 

Oct 1-2 

Philadelphia 
June 10-11-13 
14 

Aug 10-11-12-13 
Oct 3-4-5 

Detroit. 
May 6-7-9-10 
July 7-8-9 11 
Sept 15-16-17 

Chicago. 
Apr 22 - 23 - 25 
26 

May 28-30-30 
31 

Sept 8 910 


St. Louis. 


Apr 27-28-29 30 July 4-4-5-6 
Sept 5-5 6 


Detroit, at home,vs. 


New York. 
June 1-2-3-4 
Aug 1-2-3 4 
Sept 27-28-29 

Boston. 
June 6-7-8-9 
Aug 5-6-G-9 

Sept 23-24-26 

Philadelphia 

Cleveland. 

June 15-16-17 

May 2-3-4 5 

1819 

June 29-30 

Aug 15-16-17 

July 1-2 

Sept 30 

Oct 1-2 

Oct 7-8-9 

Washington. 

Chicago. 

June 10-11-13-14 

Apr 27-28 29-30 

Aug 10- 11 - 12 

June 24 - 25-27 

13 

28 

Oct 3-4 5 

Sept 5-5- 6 


St. Louis, 

Apr 22-23-25-26 May 28-30-31 
Sept 8-9-10 





































OFFICIAL DIAGRAM OF A 
BASEBALL FIELD. 



For further information see Rules from 
No. 2 to No. t2. 





RULES 


Rule 1. The Ball Ground. 

The ball ground must be enclosed and sufficient in size 
to permit the players of the team not at bat to be sta¬ 
tioned at the positions respectively assigned to them by 
their captain. To obviate the necessity for ground rules, 
the shortest distance from a fence or stand on fair ter¬ 
ritory to the home base should be 235 feet and from 
home base to the grandstand, 90 feet. 

Rule 2 . To Lay Off the Field. 

To lay off the lines defining the location of the several 
bases, the catcher's and the pitcher’s position and estab¬ 
lishing the boundaries required in playing the game of 
base ball, proceed as follows: 

Diamond or Infield. 

From a point, A, within the grounds, project a 
straight line out into the field, and at a point, B, 154 feet 
from point A, lay off lines B C and B D at right angles 
to the line A B; then, with B as a center and 63.63945 
feet as a radius, describe arcs cutting the lines B A at F 
and B C at G, B D at H and B E at I. Draw lines 
F G, G E, E H, and H F, which said lines shall be the 
containing lines of the Diamond or Infield. 

Rule 3. The Catcher’s Fines. 

With F as a center and 10 feet radius, describe an arc 
cutting line F A at L, and draw lines L M and L O at 
right angles to F A, and continue same out from F A 
not less than 10 feet. 

Rule 4. The Foul Lines. 

From the intersection point, F, continue the straight 
lines F G and F H until they intersect the lines L M 
and L O, and then from the points G and H in the oppo¬ 
site direction until they reach the boundary lines of the 
ground. 



78 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL 


Bale 5. The Players’ Pines. 

With F as center and 50 foot radius, describe arcs 
cutting lines F 0 and F M at P and Q; then, with F 
as center again and 75 feet radius, describe arcs cutting 
F G and F H at R and S; then, from the points P, Q, 
R and S draw lines at right angles to the lines F O, 
F M, F G and F H, and continue the same until they 
intersect at the points T and W. 

Rule 6. The Coacher’s Pines. 

With R and S as centers and 15 feet radius, describe 
arcs cutting the lines R W and S T at X and Y, and 
from the points X and Y draw lines parallel with the 
lines F H and F G, and continue same out to the boun¬ 
dary lines of the ground. 

Rule 7. The Three-foot Pine. 

With F as a center and 45 feet radius, describe an arc 
cutting the line F G at 1 , and from 1 to the distance of 
three feet draw a line at right angles to F G, and 
marked point 2 ; then from point 2 , draw a line parallel 
with the line F G to a point three feet beyond the point 
G, marked 3 ; then from the point 3 draw a line at right 
angles to line 2 , 3 , back to and intersecting with F G, 
and from thence back along the line G F to point 1 . 

Rule 8. The Batsman’s Pines. 

On either side of the line A F B describe two paral¬ 
lelograms six feet long and four feet wide (marked 8 
and 9 ), their longest side being parallel with the line 
A F B, their distance apart being six inches added to 
each end of the length of the diagonal of the square 
within the angle F, and the center of their length being 
on said diagonal. 

Rule 9. The Pitcher’s Plate. 

Section i. With point F as center and 60.5 feet as 
radius, describe an arc cutting the line F B at line 4 , 
and draw a line 5 , 6 , passing through point 4 and ex¬ 
tending 12 inches on either side of line F B; then with 
line 5 , 6 , as a side, describe a parallelogram 24 inches 
by 6 inches, in which shall be located the pitcher’s plate. 

Sec. 2 . The pitcher’s plate shall not be more than 15 
inches higher than the base lines or the home plate, 




SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


79 


which shall be level with the surface of the field, and 
the slope from the pitcher’s plate to every base line and 
the home plate shall be gradual. 

Rule 10. The Bases. 

Section i. Within the angle F, describe a five-sided 
figure, two of the sides of which shall coincide with the 
lines F G and F H to the extent of 12 inches each, 
thence parallel with the line F B 8Yz inches to the points 
X and Y, a straight line between which, 17 inches, will 
form the front of the home base or plate. 

Sec. 2 . Within the angles at G, I and H describe 
squares, whose sides are 15 inches in length, two of 
such sides of which squares shall lie along the lines F 
G and G I, G I and I H, I H and H F, which squares 
shall be the location of the first, second and third bases 
respectively. 

Rule 11. 

The Home Base at F and the Pitcher’s Plate at 4 
must each be of whitened rubber, and so fixed in the 
ground as to be even with its surface. 

Rule 12 . 

The First Base at G, the Second Base at E, and the 
Third Base at H must each be a white canvas bag 
filled with soft material and securely fastened in place 
at the point specified for it in Rule 9 . 

Rule 13. 

The lines described in Rules 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , and 8 must 
be marked with lime, chalk or other white material, 
easily distinguishable from the ground or grass. 

Rule 14 The Ball. 

Section i. The ball must weigh not less than five nor 
more than five and one-quarter ounces avoirdupois, and 
measure not less than nine nor more than nine and one- 
quarter inches in circumference. The Victor Official 
League Ball, the Spalding National League Ball, or 
the Reach American League Ball must be used in all 
games played under these rules. 

Sec. 2 . Two regulation balls of the make adopted by 
the league of which the contesting clubs are members, 
shall be delivered by the home club to the umpire at or 
before the hour for the commencement of a champion- 



8o 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


ship game. If the ball first placed in play be batted or 
thrown out of the grounds or into one of the stands for 
spectators or in the judgment of the umpire, become 
unfit for play from any cause, the umpire shall at once 
deliver the alternate ball to the pitcher and another legal 
ball shall be supplied to him, so that he shall at all 
times have in his control one or more alternate balls to 
substitute for the ball in play in any of the contingencies 
above set forth. Provided, however, that all balls batted 
or thrown out of the ground or into a stand, shall when 
returned to the field be given into the custody of the 
umpire immediately and become alternate balls and so 
long as he has in his possession two or more alternate 
balls, he shall not call for a new ball to replace a ball 
that has gone out of play. The alternate balls shall be¬ 
come the ball in play in the order in which they were 
delivered to the umpire. 

Sec. 3. Immediately upon the delivery to him of the 
alternate ball by the umpire, the pitcher shall take his 
position and on the call of “Play,” by the umpire, it 
shall become the ball in play. Provided, however, that 
play shall not be resumed with the alternate ball when 
a fair batted ball or a ball thrown by a fielder goes out 
of the ground or into a stand for spectators until the 
base-runners have completed the circuit of the bases 
unless compelled to stop at second or third base, in 
compliance with a ground rule. 

Discolored or Damaged Balls. 

Sec. 4 . The ball in play shall not be intentionally dis¬ 
colored by rubbing it with the soil or otherwise dam¬ 
aged. In the event of a new ball being intentionally dis¬ 
colored, or damaged by a player, the umpire shall upon 
appeal by the captain of the opposite side, forthwith de¬ 
mand the return of that ball and substitute for it an¬ 
other legal ball, as hereinbefore described, and impose 
a fine of $ 5.00 011 the offending player. 

Home Club to provide Balls. 

Sec. 5 . In every game the balls played with shall be 
furnished by the home club, and the last in play shall 
become the property of the winning club. Each ball 
shall be enclosed in a paper box, sealed with the seal of 
the Secretary of the League and bearing his certificate 
that he has examined, measured and weighed it and that 




SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


Si 


it is of the required standard in all respects. The seal 
shall not be broken by the umpire except in the presence 
of the captains of the contesting teams after “Play - ’ 
has been called. 

Reserve Balls on Field. 

Sec. 6 . The home club shall have at least a dozen 
regulation balls on the field during each championship 
game, ready for use on the call of the umpire. 

Unfit Ball for Play. 

Sec. 7 . Should the ball become ripped or in any way 
damaged so as to be, in the opinion of the umpire, unfit 
for use, he shall, upon appeal by either captain, at once 
call for a new ball and put the alternate ball into play. 
Rule 15. The Bat. 

The bat must be round, not over two and three-fourths 
inches in diameter at the thickest part, nor more than 42 
inches in length and entirely of hardwood, except that 
for a distance of 18 inches from the end, twine may be 
wound around or a granulated substance applied to the 
handle. 

Rule 16. Number of Players in a Game. 

The players of each club actively engaged in a game 
at one time shall be nine in number, one of whom shall 
act as captain; and in no case shall more or less than 
nine men be allowed to play on a side in a game. 

Rule 17. Positions of the Players. 

The players may be stationed at any point of the field 
their captain may elect, regardless of their respective 
positions, except that the pitcher, while in the act of 
delivering the ball to the bat, must take his position as 
defined in Rules 9 and 30 ; and the catcher must be with¬ 
in the lines of his position as defined in Rule 3 and 
within 10 feet of home base, whenever the pitcher de¬ 
livers the ball to the bat. 

Rule 18. Must Not Mingle With Spectators. 

Players in uniform shall not be permitted to occupy 
seats in the stands, or to mingle with the spectators. 

Rule 19. Uniforms of Players. 

Every club shall adopt two uniforms for its players, 
one to be worn in games at home and the other in games 
abroad, and the suits of each of the uniforms of a team 




82 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


shall conform in color and style. No player who shall at¬ 
tach anything to the sole or heel of his shoe other than 
the ordinary base ball shoe plate, or who shall appear in 
a uniform not conforming to the suits of the other mem¬ 
bers of his team, shall be permitted to take part in a 
game. 

Rule 20. Size and Weight of Gloves. 

The catcher or first baseman may wear a glove or mitt 
of any size, shape or weight. Every other player is re¬ 
stricted to the use of a glove or mitt weighing not over 
io ounces and measuring not over 14 inches around 
the palm. 

Rule 21. Players’ Benches. 

Section 1 . Players’ benches must be furnished by 
the home club and placed upon a portion of the ground 
not less than twenty-five ( 25 ) feet outside of the play¬ 
ers’ lines. One such bench shall be for the exclusive 
use of the visiting team and the other for the exclusive 
use of the home team. Each bench must be covered 
with a roof and closed at the back and each end; a 
space, however, not more than six ( 6 ) inches wide 
may be left under the roof for ventilation. All players 
and substitutes of the side at bat must be seated on their 
team’s bench, except the batsman, base-runners and 
such as are legally assigned to coach base-runners. 
Under no circumstances shall the umpire permit any 
person except the players and substitutes in uniform and 
the manager of the team entitled to its exclusive use to 
be seated on a bench. 

Penalty for Violation. 

Sec. 2 . To enforce this rule the captain of the other 
side may call the attention of the umpire to its violation 
by his opponents, whereupon the umpire shall immedi¬ 
ately order such player or players as have disregarded it 
to be seated. If the order be not obeyed within one 
minute the offending player or players shall be fined 
$ 5.00 each by the umpire. If the order be not then 
obeyed within one minute, the offending player or play¬ 
ers shall be debarred from further participation in the 
game, and shall be obliged to forthwith leave the playing 
field. 



SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


83 


Rule 22. A Regulation Game. 

Every championship game must be commenced not 
later than two hours before sunset and shall continue 
until each team has had nine innings, provided, however, 
that the game shall terminate: 

(1) If the side at bat scores less runs in nine innings 
than the other side has scored in eight innings. 

(2) If the side last at bat in the ninth inning scored 
the winning run before the third man is out. 

Rule 23 . Extra-Inning Games. 

If the score be a tie at the end of the nine (9) innings 
for each team, play shall be continued until one side has 
scored more runs than the other in an equal number of 
innings, provided, that if the side last at bat score the 
winning run before the third man is out in any inning 
after the ninth, the game shall terminate. 

Rule 24 . Drawn Games. 

A drawn game shall be declared by the umpire if the 
score is equal on the last even inning played, when he 
terminates play on account of darkness, rain, fire, panic, 
or for other cause which puts patrons or players in 
peril, after five or more equal innings have been played 
by each team. But if the side that went second to bat 
is at the bat when the game is terminated, and has 
scored the same number of runs as the other side, the 
umpire shall declare the game drawn without regard 
to the score of the last equal inning. 

Rule 25 . Called Games. 

If the umpire call “Game” on account of darkness, 
rain, fire, panic, or other cause which puts patrons or 
players in peril, at any time after five innings have been 
completed, the score shall be that of the last equal in¬ 
nings played, but if the side second at bat shall have 
scored in an unequal number of innings, or before the 
completion of the unfinished inning, one or more runs 
than the side first at bat, the score of the game shall be 
the total number of runs each team has made. 

Rule 26. Forfeited Games. 

A forfeited game shall be declared by the umpire in 
favor of the club not in fault, at the request of such 
club, in the following cases: 



8 4 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL 


Section i. If the team of a club fail to appear upon 
the field, or being upon the field, refuse to begin a game 
for which it is scheduled or assigned, within five min¬ 
utes after the umpire has called “Play” at the hour for 
the beginning of the game, unless such delay in appear¬ 
ing, or in commencing the game, be unavoidable. 

Sec. 2. If, after the game has begun, one side refuse 
to continue to play, unless the game has been suspended 
or terminated by the umpire. 

Sec. 3 . If, after play has been suspended by the 
umpire, one side fail to resume playing in one minute 
after the umpire has called “Play.” 

Sec. 4. If a team employ tactics palpably designed to 
delay the game. 

Sec. 5. If, after warning by the umpire, any one of 
the rules of the game be wilfully and persistently vio¬ 
lated. 

Sec. 6. If the order for the removal of a player, as 
authorized by Rules 21, 58, and 64, be not obeyed within 
one minute. 

Sec. 7 . If, because of the removal of players from the 
game by the umpire, or for any cause, there be less than 
nine players on either team. 

Sec. 8 . If, when two games are scheduled to be played 
in one afternoon, the second game be not commenced 
within ten minutes of the time of the completion of the 
first game. The umpire of the first game shall be the 
timekeeper. 

Sec. 9. In case the umpire declare the game forfeited, 
he shall transmit a written report thereof to the presi¬ 
dent of the League within twenty-four hours thereafter. 
However, a failure on the part of the umpire to so notify 
the president shall not affect the validity of his award 
of the game by forfeiture. 

Rule 27. No Game. 

“No game” shall be declared by the umpire if he ter¬ 
minates play on account of rain or darkness, fire, panic, 
or any other cause which puts the patrons or players in 
peril before five innings are completed by each team. 
Provided, however, that if the club second at bat shall 
have made more runs at the end of its fourth inning 
than the club first at bat has made in five completed in¬ 
nings of a game so terminated, the umpire shall award 
the game to the club having made the greater number 




SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


85 


of runs, and it shall count as a legal game in the cham¬ 
pionship record. 

Rule 28. Substitutes. 

Section i. Each side shall be required to have pres¬ 
ent on the field during a championship game a suffi¬ 
cient number of substitute players in uniform, conform¬ 
ing to the suits worn by their team-mates, to carry out 
the provisions of this code which requires that not less 
than nine players shall occupy the field in any inning 
of the game. 

Sec. 2 . Any such substitute may at any stage of the 
game take the place of a player, whose name is in his 
team’s batting order, but the player whom he succeeds 
shall not thereafter participate in that game. 

Sec. 3 . A base-runner shall not have another player 
whose name appears in the batting order of his team run 
for him except by the consent of the captain of the other 
team. 

Rule 29. Choice of Innings—Fitness of Field for Play. 

The choice of innings shall be given to the captain 
of the home club, who shall be the sole judge of the 
fitness of the ground for beginning a game after a rain; 
but, after play has been called by the umpire, he alone 
shall be the judge as to the fitness of the ground for 
resuming play after the game has been suspended on 
account of rain. 


THE PITCHING RULES. 


Rule 30. Delivery of the Ball to the Bat. 

Preliminary to pitching, the pitcher shall take his 
position facing the batsman with both feet squarely on 
the ground and in front of the pitcher’s plate; and in 
the act of delivering the ball to the bat he must keep 
one foot in contact with the pitcher’s plate defined in 
Rule 9 . He shall not raise either foot until in the act 
of delivering the ball to the bat, nor make more than 
one step in such delivery. 

Rule 31. A Fairly Delivered Ball. 

A fairly delivered ball is a ball pitched or thrown to 
the bat by the pitcher while standing in his position and 
facing the batsman; that passes over any portion of the 





86 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


home base, not lower than the batsman’s knee, nor 
higher than his shoulder. For every such fairly deliv¬ 
ered ball, the umpire shall call one strike. 

Rule 32. An Unfairly Delivered Ball. 

An unfairly delivered ball is a ball delivered to the 
bat by the pitcher while standing in his position and 
facing the batsman, that does not pass over any portion 
of the home base between the batsman’s shoulder and 
knee. For every unfairly delivered ball, the umpire shall 
call one ball. 

Rule 33. Delaying the Game. 

Section i. If, after the batsman be standing in his 
proper position ready to strike at a pitched ball, the ball 
be thrown by the pitcher to any player other than the 
catcher when in the catcher’s lines and within io feet of 
the home base (except in an attempt to retire a base 
runner), each ball so thrown shall be called a ball. 

Sec. 2. The umpire shall call a ball on the pitcher 
each time he delays the game by failing to deliver the 
ball to the batsman for a longer period than 20 seconds, 
excepting that at the commencement of each inning, 
or when a pitcher relieves another, the pitcher may oc¬ 
cupy one minute in delivering not to exceed five balls to 
the catcher or an infielder, during which time play shall 
be suspended. 

Rule 34. Balking. 

A balk shall be: 

Section i. Any motion made by the pitcher while 
in position to deliver the ball to the bat without deliver¬ 
ing it, or to throw to first base when occupied by a base 
runner, without completing the throw. 

Sec. 2. Throwing the ball by the pitcher to any base 
to catch the base runner without stepping directly to¬ 
ward such base, in the act of making such throw. 

_ Sec. 3. Any delivery of the ball to the bat by the 
pitcher while either foot is back of the pitcher’s plate. 

Sec. 4 . Any delivery of the ball to the bat by the 
pitcher, while he is not facing the batsman. 

Sec. 5 . Any motion in delivering the ball to the bat 
by the pitcher while not in the position defined by 
Rule 30 . 



SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


87 


Sec. 6 . Holding of the ball by the pitcher, so long 
as, in the opinion of the umpire, to unnecessarily delay 
the game. 

Sec. 7 . Making any motion to pitch while standing 
in his position without having the ball in his possession. 

Sec. 8 . Making any motion of the arm, shoulder, hip 
or body the pitcher habitually makes in his method of de¬ 
livery, without immediately delivering the ball to the bat. 

Sec. 9 . Delivery of the ball to the bat when the 
catcher is standing outside the lines of the catcher's 
position as defined in Rule 3 . 

If the pitcher shall fail to comply with the require¬ 
ments of any section of this rule, the umpire shall call 
a “balk/’ 

Rule 35. Dead Ball. 

A dead ball is a ball delivered to the bat by the 
pitcher, not struck at by the batsman, that touches any 
part of the batsman’s person or clothing while standing 
in his position, or that before passing or getting beyond 
the control of the catcher touches any part of the cloth¬ 
ing or person of the umpire while he is on foul ground. 

Rule 36. Ball not in Play. 

In case of a foul strike, foul hit ball not legally caught, 
dead ball, or a fair hit ball, touching a base runner, the 
ball shall not be considered in play until it be held by 
the pitcher standing in his position, and the umpire 
shall have called “Play.” 

Rule 37. Block Balls. 

Section I. A block is a batted or thrown ball that is 
touched, stopped or handled by a person not engaged in 
the game. 

Sec. 2 . Whenever a block occurs the umpire shall de¬ 
clare it, and base runners may run the bases without 
liability to be put out until the ball has been returned to 
and held by the pitcher in his position. 

Sec. 3 . If the person not engaged in the game should 
retain possession of a blocked ball, or throw or kick it 
beyond the reach of the fielders, the umpire shall call 
“Time” and require each base runner to stop at the base 
last touched by him until the ball be returned to the 
pitcher in his position and the umpire shall have called 
“Play.” 





88 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


THE BATTING RULES. 


Rule 38. The Batsman’s Position. 

Each player of the side at bat shall become the bats¬ 
man and must take his position within the batsman’s 
lines (as defined in Rule 18 ) in the order that his name 
appears in his team’s batting list. 

Rule 39. The Order of Batting. 

The batting order of each team must. be delivered 
before the game by its captain to the umpire, who shall 
submit it to the inspection of the captain of the other 
side. The batting order delivered to the umpire must 
be followed throughout the game, unless a player be 
substituted for another, in which case the substitute 
must take the place in the batting order of the retired 
player. 

Rule 40. The First Batsman in an Inning. 

After the first inning the first striker in each inning 
shall be the batsman whose name follows that of the last 
man who completed his “time at bat” in the preceding 
inning. 

Rule 41. Players belong on Bench. 

When a side goes to the bat its players must immedi¬ 
ately seat themselves on the bench assigned to them as 
defined in Rule 2 i, and remain there until their side is 
put out, except when called to the bat or to act as coach- 
ers or substitute base runners. 

Rule 42. Reserved for Umpire, Catcher and Batsman. 

No player of the side “at bat,” except the batsman, 
shall occupy any portion of the space within the catch¬ 
er’s lines as defined in Rule 3 . The triangular space 
back of the home base is reserved for the exclusive use 
of the umpire, catcher and batsman, and the umpire must 
prohibit any player of the side “at bat” from crossing 
the same at any time while the ball is in the hands of 
the pitcher or catcher or passing between them while 
standing in their positions. 

Rule 43. Fielder has Right of Way. 

The players of the side at bat must speedily abandon 
their bench and hasten to another part of the field when 
by remaining upon or near it they or any of them would 







SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 89 


interfere with a fielder in an attempt to catch or handle 
a thrown ball. 


Rule 44. A Fair Hit. 

A fair hit is a legally batted ball that settles on fair 
ground between home and first base or between home 
and third base or that is on fair ground when bounding 
to the outfield past first or third base, or that first falls 
on fair territory beyond first or third base or that 
touches the person of the umpire or a player while on 
fair ground. 

Rule 45. A Foul Hit. 

A foul hit is a legally batted ball that settles on foul 
territory between home and first base or home and 
third base, or that bounds past first or third base on foul 
territory or that falls on foul territory beyond first or 
third base or touches the person of the umpire or a 
player while on foul ground. 

Rule 4G. A Foul Tip. 

A foul tip is a ball batted by the batsman while stand¬ 
ing within the lines of his position, that goes sharp and 
direct from the bat to the catcher’s hands and is legally 
caught. 

Rule 47. A Bunt Hit. 

A bunt hit is a legally batted ball, not swung at, but 
met with the bat and tapped slowly within the infield by 
the batsman with the expectation of reaching first base 
before the ball can be fielded to that base. If the at¬ 
tempt to bunt result in a foul, a strike shall be called 
by the umpire. 

Rule 48. Balls Batted Outside the Ground. 

Section i. When a batted ball passes outside the 
ground or into a stand the umpire shall decide it fair 
or foul according to whether the point at which it leaves 
the playing field is on fair or foul territory. 

Sec. 2 . A fair batted ball that goes over the fence or 
into a stand shall entitle the batsman to a home run 
unless it should pass out of the ground or into a stand 
at a less distance than two hundred and thirty-five ( 235 ) 
feet from the home base, in which case the batsman 





9 o 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL 


shall be entitled to two bases only. The point at which 
a fence or stand is less than 235 feet from the home 
base shall be plainly indicated by a white or black sign 
or mark for the umpire’s guidance. 

Rule 49. Strikes. 

A strike is: 

Section i. A pitched ball struck at by the batsman 
without its touching his bat; or, 

Sec. 2 . A fair ball legally delivered by the pitcher 
at which the batsman does not strike. 

Sec. 3 . A foul hit ball not caught on the fly unless 
the batsman has two strikes. 

Sec. 4 . An attempt to bunt which results in a foul. 

Sec. 5 . A pitched ball, at which the batsman strikes 
but misses and which touches any part of his person. 

Sec. 6 . A foul tip, held by the catcher, while stand¬ 
ing within the lines of his position. 

Rule 50. Foul Strike. 

A “Foul Strike” is a ball batted by the batsman when 
either or both of his feet is upon the ground outside the 
lines of the batsman’s position. 

Rule 51. When Batsman is Out. 

The batsman is out: 

Section i. If he fail to take his position at the bat 
in the order in which his name is on the batting list 
unless the error be discovered and the proper batsman 
replace him before a time “at bat” is recorded, in which 
case, the balls and strikes called must be counted in the 
time “at bat” of the proper batsman. But only the 
proper batsman shall be declared out, and no runs shall 
be scored or bases run because of any act of the im¬ 
proper batsman. Provided, this rule shall not be en¬ 
forced unless the out be declared before the ball be de¬ 
livered to the succeeding batsman. Should the batsman 
declared out under this section be the third hand out 
and his side be thereby put out, the proper batsman in 
the next inning shall be the player who would have come 
to bat had the players been put out by ordinary play 
in the preceding inning. 

Sec. 2 . If he fail to take his position within one min¬ 
ute after the umpire has called for the batsman. 

Sec. 3 . If he make a foul hit other than a foul tip, 
as defined in Rule 46 , and the ball be momentarily held 



SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


91 


by a fielder before touching the ground; provided, it 
be not caught in a fielder's cap, protector, pocket or 
other part of his uniform, or strike some object other 
than a fielder before being caught. 

Sec. 4 . If he make a foul strike, as defined in Rule 50 . 

Sec. 5 . If he attempt, to hinder the catcher from field¬ 
ing or throwing the ball by stepping outside the lines of 
the batsman’s position, or in any way obstructing or in¬ 
terfering with that player. 

Sec. 6 . If, while first base be occupied by a base run¬ 
ner, three strikes be called on him by the umpire, unless 
two men are already out. 

Sec. 7 . If, while attempting a third strike, the ball 
touch any part of the batsman’s person, in which case 
base runners occupying bases shall not advance as pre¬ 
scribed in Rule 55 , Section 5 . 

Sec. 8 . If, before two hands are out, while first and 
second, or first, second and third bases are occupied, he 
hit a fly ball, other than a line drive, that can be handled 
by an infielder. In such case the umpire shall, as soon 
as the ball be hit, declare it an infield or outfield hit. 

Sec. 9 . If the third strike be called in accordance 
with Rule 49 , Section 5 . 

Batsman Must Obey Call. 

Sec. 10 . The moment a batsman’s term at bat 
ends, the umpire shall call for the batsman next in or¬ 
der to leave his seat on the bench and take his position 
at the bat, and no player of the batting side shall leave 
his seat on the bench until so called to bat, except to 
become a coacher or substitute base runner, to take the 
place of a player on his team’s batting list to comply 
with the umpire’s order to leave the field or to make 
way for a fielder. 


BASE RUNNING RULES. 


Buie 52 , L,egal Order of Bases. 

The Base Runner must touch each base in legal order, 
viz., First, Second, Third and Home Bases; and when 
obliged to return while the ball is in play, must retouch 
the base or bases in reverse order. He can only acquire 
the right to a base by touching it, before having been 
put out, and shall then be entitled to hold such base 





9 2 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


until he has legally touched the next base in order, or 
has been legally forced to vacate it for a succeeding 
base runner. However, no base runner shall score a 
run to count in the game ahead of the base runner pre¬ 
ceding him in the batting order, if there be such pre¬ 
ceding base runner who has not been put out in that 
inning. 

Rule 53. When the Batsman becomes a Base Runner. 

The batsman becomes a base runner: 

Section i. Instantly after he makes a fair hit. 

Sec. 2. Instantly after “Four Balls” have been called 
by the umpire. 

Sec. 3. Instantly after “Three Strikes” have been de¬ 
clared by the umpire. 

Sec. 4 . If, without making any attempt to strike at 
the ball, his person or clothing be hit by a pitched ball 
unless, in the opinion of the umpire, he plainly make no 
effort to get out of the way of the pitched ball and pur¬ 
posely permit himself to be hit. 

Sec. 5 . If the catcher interfere with him in or pre¬ 
vent him from striking at a pitched ball. 

Rule 54, Entitled, to Bases, 

The base runner shall be entitled, without liability 
to be put out, to advance a base in the following cases: 

Section i. If, while the batsman, the umpire calls 
“Four Balls,” or award him first base by being hit by a 
pitched ball or for being interfered with by the catcher 
in striking at a pitched ball. 

Sec. 2. If, while a batsman, a fair hit ball strike the 
person or clothing of the umpire or a base runner on 
fair ground. 

Sec. 3. If the umpire award to a succeeding batsman 
a base on four balls, or for being hit by a pitched ball, 
or being interfered with by the catcher in striking at 
a pitched ball and the base runner be thereby forced to 
vacate the base held by him. 

Sec. 4 . If the umpire call a “Balk.” 

Sec. 5- If a ball delivered by the pitcher pass the 
catcher and touch the umpire or any fence or building 
within ninety ( 90 ) feet of the home base. 

Sec. 6 . If he be prevented from making a base by 
the obstruction of a fielder, unless the latter have the 
ball in his hand ready to touch the base runner. 



SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


93 


Sec. 7 . If the fielder stop or catch a batted ball with 
his cap, glove or any part of his uniform, while detached 
from its proper place on his person. 

Rule 55. Returning to Bases. 

The base runner shall return to his base without liabil¬ 
ity to be put out: 

Section i. If the umpire declare a foul tip (as de¬ 
fined in Rule 46 ) or any other foul hit, not legally 
caught by a fielder. 

Sec. 2 . If the umpire declare a foul strike. 

Sec. 3 . If the umpire declare a dead ball, unless it be 
also the fourth unfair ball, and he be thereby forced to 
take the next base, as provided in Rule 54 , Section 3 . 

Sec. 4 . If the person or clothing of the umpire inter¬ 
fere with the catcher in an attempt to throw or the um¬ 
pire be struck by a ball thrown by the catcher or other 
fielder to intercept a base runner. 

Sec. 5 . If a pitched ball at which the batsman strikes, 
but misses, touch any part of the batsman’s person. 

Sec. 6 . In any and all of these cases the base runner 
is not required to touch the intervening bases in return¬ 
ing to the base he is legally entitled to. 

Rule 56. When Base Runners are out. 

The base runner is out: 

Section i. If, after three strikes have been declared 
against him while the batsman, the third strike ball be 
not legally caught, and he plainly attempts to hinder the 
catcher from fielding the ball. 

Sec. 2 . If, having made a fair hit while batsman, 
such fair hit ball be momentarily held by a fielder be¬ 
fore touching the ground or any object other than a 
fielder; provided, if it be not caught in a fielder’s hat, 
cap, protector, pocket or other part of his uniform. 

Sec. 3 . If, when the umpire has declared “Three 
Strikes” on him while the batsman, the third strike ball 
be momentarily held by a fielder before touching the 
ground; provided, if it be not caught in a fielder’s cap, 
protector, pocket or other part of his uniform, or touch 
some object other than a fielder before being caught. 

Sec. 4 . If, after three strikes or a fair hit, he be 
touched with the ball in the hand of a fielder before he 
shall have touched first base. 




94 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


Sec. 5 . If, after three strikes or a fair hit, the ball be 
securely held by a fielder while touching first base with 
any part of his person before such base runner touch 
first base. 

Sec. 6 . If, in running the last half of the distance 
from home base to first base, while the ball is being 
fielded to first base, he run outside the three-foot lines, 
as defined in Rule 7 , unless he do so to avoid a fielder 
attempting to field a batted ball. 

Sec. 7 . If, in running from first to second base, from 
second to third base, or from third to home base, he run 
more than three feet from a direct line between a base 
and the next one in regular or reverse order to avoid 
being touched by a ball in the hands of a fielder. But in 
case a fielder be occupying a base runner’s proper path 
in attempting to field a batted ball, then the base runner 
shall run out of direct line to the next base and behind 
said fielder and shall not be declared out for so doing. 

Sec. 8 . If he fail to avoid a fielder attempting to 
field a batted ball, in the manner described in sections 6 
and 7 of this rule, or in any way obstruct a fielder in 
attempting to field a batted ball, or intentionally inter¬ 
fere with a thrown ball; provided, that if two or more 
fielders attempt to field a batted ball, and the base run¬ 
ner come in contact with one or more of them, the um¬ 
pire shall determine which fielder is entitled to the bene¬ 
fit of this rule, and shall not decide the base runner out 
for coming in contact with a fielder other than the one 
the umpire determines to be entitled to field such batted 
ball. 

Sec. 9 . If at any time while the ball is in play, he be 
touched by the ball in the hands of a fielder, unless some 
part of his person be touching the base he is entitled to 
occupy; provided, however, that the ball be held by the 
fielder after touching him, unless the base runner delib¬ 
erately knock it out of his hand. 

Sec. to. If, when a fair or foul hit ball (other than a 
foul tip as defined in Rule 46 ) be legally caught by a 
fielder, such ball be legally held by a fielder on the base 
occupied by the base runner when such ball was batted, 
or the base runner be touched with the ball in the hands 
of a fielder, before he retouch such base after such fair 
or foul hit ball was so caught; provided, that the base run¬ 
ner shall not be out in such case, if, after the ball was 



SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


95 


legally caught as above, it be delivered to the bat by the 
pitcher before the fielder hold it on said base, or touch 
the base runner out with it; but if the base runner, in at¬ 
tempting to reach a base, detach it from its fastening 
before being touched or forced out, he shall be declared 
safe. 

Sec. ii. If, when the batsman becomes a base runner, 
the first base, or the first and second bases, or the first, 
second and third bases be occupied, any base runner so 
occupying a base shall cease to be entitled to hold it, 
and may be put out at the next base in the same manner 
as in running to first base, or by being touched with the 
ball in the hands of a fielder at any time before any base 
runner following him in the batting order be put out, 
unless the umpire should decide the hit of the batsman 
to be an infield fly. 

Sec. 12 . If a fair hit ball strike him before touching 
a fielder, and, in such case, no base shall be run unless 
necessitated by the batsman becoming a base runner, 
but no run shall be scored by any other base runner put 
out until the umpire puts the ball back into play. 

Sec. 13 . If, when advancing bases, or forced to re¬ 
turn to a base, while the ball is in play, he fail to touch 
the intervening base or bases, if any, in the regular or 
reverse order as the case may be, he may be put out by 
the ball being held by a fielder on any base he failed to 
touch, or by being touched by the ball in the hands of a 
fielder in the same manner as in running to first base; 
provided, that the base runner shall not be out in such 
case if the ball be delivered to the bat by the pitcher be¬ 
fore the fielder hold it on said base or touch the base 
runner with it. 

Sec. 14 . If, when the umpire call “Play,” after the 
suspension of a game, he fail to return to and touch the 
base he occupied when “Time” was called before touch¬ 
ing the next base; provided, the base runner shall not be 
out, in such case, if the ball be delivered to the bat by 
the pitcher, before the fielder hold it on said base or 
touch the base runner with it. 

Overrunning First Base. 

Sec. 15 . The base runner in running to first base may 
overrun said base after touching it in passing without 
incurring liability to be out for being off said base, 
provided he return at once and retouch the base, after 



SCIENCE OF BASEBALL 


96 


which he may be put out as at any other base. If, after 
overrunning lirst base, he turn in the direction ot or at¬ 
tempt to run to second base, before returning to first 
base, he shall forfeit such exemption from liability to 
be put out. 

Sec. 16. If, before two hands are out and while third 
base is occupied, the coacher stationed near that base 
shall run in the direction of home base on or near the 
base line while a fielder is making or trying to make a 
play on a batted ball not caught on the fiy, or on a 
thrown ball, and thereby draws a throw to home base, 
the base runner entitled to third base shall be declared 
out by the umpire for the coacher’s interference with and 
prevention of the legitimate play. 

Sec. 17. If one or more members of the team at bat 
stand or collect at or around a base for which a base 
runner is trying, thereby confusing the fielding side and 
adding to the difficulty of making such play, the base 
runner shall be declared out for the interference of his 
team-mate or team-mates. 

Sec. 18. If he touch home base before a base runner 
preceding him in the batting order, if there be such pre¬ 
ceding base runner, lose his right to third base. 

Rule 57 . When Umpire Shall Declare an Out. 

The umpire shall declare the batsman or base run¬ 
ner out, without waiting for an appeal for such decision 
in all cases where such player be put out in accordance 
with any of these rules, except Sections 13 and 15 of 
Rule 56. 

Rule 58. Coaching Rules. 

The coacher shall be restricted to coaching the base 
runner, and then only in words of assistance and direc¬ 
tion in running bases. He shall not, by words or signs, 
incite or try to incite the spectators to demonstrations, 
and shall not use language which will in any manner 
refer to or reflect upon a player of the opposite club, 
the umpire or the spectators. Not more than two coach- 
ers, who must be players in the uniform of the team at 
bat, shall be allowed to occupy the space between the 
players’ and the coachers’ lines, one near first and the 
other near third base, to coach base runners. If there be 
more than the legal number of coachers or this rule be 




SCIENCE OF BA6EBALL. 


97 


violated in any respect the captain of the opposite side 
may call the attention of the umpire to the offense, and 
thereupon the umpire must order the illegal coacher or 
coachers to the bench, and if his order be not obeyed 
within one minute, the umpire shall assess a fine of $5.00 
against each offending player, and upon a repetition of 
the offense, the offending player or players shall be de¬ 
barred from further participation in the game, and shall 
leave the playing field forthwith. 

Rule 59. The Scoring of Runs. 

One run shall be scored every time a base runner, 
after having legally touched the first three bases, shall 
legally touch the home base before three men are put 
out; provided, however, that if he reach home on or 
during a play in which the third man be forced out or 
be put out before reaching first base, a run shall not 
count. A force-out can be made only when a base run¬ 
ner legally loses the right to the base he occupies and is 
thereby obliged to advance as the result of a fair hit 
ball not caught on the fly. 


UMPIRE AND HIS DUTIES. 


Rule 60. Power to Enforce Decisions* 

The umpire is the representative of the League and 
as such is authorized and required to enforce each sec¬ 
tion of this code. He shall have the power to order a 
player, captain or manager to do or omit to do any act 
which in his judgment is necessary to give force and 
effect to one or all of these rules and to inflict penalties 
for violations of the rules as hereinafter prescribed. 

Rule 61. 

There shall be no appeal from any decision of the um¬ 
pire on the ground that he was not correct in his con¬ 
clusion as to whether a batted ball was fair or foul, a 
base runner safe or out, a pitched ball a strike or ball, 
or on any other play involving accuracy of judgment, 
and no decision rendered by him shall be reversed, ex¬ 
cept that he be convinced that it is in violation of one of 
these rules. The captain shall alone have the right to 
protest against a decision and seek its reversal on a 
claim that it is in conflict with a section of these rules. 





9 8 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


Rule 63. Must Not Question Decisions. 

Under no circumstances shall a captain or player dis¬ 
pute the accuracy of the umpire’s judgment and decision 
on a play. 

Rule 63. Clubs Can Not Change Umpire. 

The umpire can not be changed during a champion¬ 
ship game by the consent of the contesting clubs unless 
the official in charge of the field be incapacitated from 
service by injury or illness. 

Rule 64. Penalties for Violations of the Rules. 

In all cases of violation of these rules, by either a 
player or manager, the penalty for the first offense shall 
be a fine by the umpire of $5.00, and, for a second 
offense, prompt removal of the offender from the game 
or grounds, followed by a period of such suspension 
from actual service in the club as the president of the 
League may fix. 

Rule 65. Umpire to Report Violations of the Rules. 

The umpire shall within twelve hours after fining or 
removing a player from the game, forward to the 
president a report of the penalty inflicted and the cause 
therefor. 

Rule 66. 

Immediately upon being informed by the umpire that 
a fine has been imposed upon any manager, captain or 
player, the president shall notify the person so fined and 
also the club of which he is a member; and, in the event 
of the failure of the person so fined to pay to the sec¬ 
retary of the League the amount of said fine within five 
days after notice, he shall be debarred from participat¬ 
ing in any championship game or from sitting on a 
players’ bench during the progress of a championship 
game until such fine be paid. 

Rule 67. 

When the offense of the player debarred from the 
game be of a flagrant nature, such as the use of obscene 
language or an assault upon a player or umpire, the um¬ 
pire shall within four hours thereafter forward to the 
president of the League full particulars. 



SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


99 


Rule 68. Warning to Captains. 

The umpire shall notify both captains before the game, 
and in the presence of each other, that all the playing 
rules will be strictly and impartially enforced, and warn 
them that failure on their part to co-operate in such en¬ 
forcement will result in offenders being fined, and, if 
necessary to preserve discipline, debarred from the game. 

Rule 69. On Ground Rules. 

Before the commencement of a game the umpire shall 
see that the rules governing all the materials of the game 
are strictly observed. He shall ask the captain of the 
home club whether there are any special ground rules, 
and if there be he shall acquaint himself with them, ad¬ 
vise the captain of the visiting team of their scope and 
see that each is duly enforced, provided that it does not 
conflict with any of these rules. 

Rule TO. Official Announcements. 

The umpire shall call “Play” at the hour appointed 
for the beginning of a game, announce “Time” at its 
legal interruption and declare “Game” at its legal 
termination. 

Rule 71. Suspension of Flay. 

The umpire shall suspend play for the following 
causes: 

.i. If rain fall so heavily as to cause the spectators on 
the open field and open stands to seek shelter, in which 
case he shall note the time of suspension, and should 
rain fall continuously for thirty minutes thereafter he 
shall terminate the game. 

2. In case of an accident which incapacitates him or a 
player from service in the field, or in order to remove 
from the grounds any player or spectator who has vio¬ 
lated the rules or in case of fire, panic or other extra¬ 
ordinary circumstances. 

Rule 73. Call of Time. 

In suspending play from any legal cause the umpire 
shall call “Time”; when he calls “Time,” play shall be 
suspended until he calls “Play” again, and during the 
interim no player shall be put out, base be run or run be 
scored. “Time” shall not be called by the umpire until 
the ball be held by the pitcher while standing in his 
position. 



IOO 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


Buie 73. Decisions on Balls and Strikes. 

The umpire shall call and count as a “ball” any unfair 
ball delivered by the pitcher to the batsman. He shall 
also call and count as a “strike” any fairly delivered ball 
which passes over any portion of the home base, and 
within the batsman’s legal range as defined in Rule 31, 
whether struck at or not by the batsman; or a foul tip 
which is caught by the catcher standing within the lines 
of his position, within 10 feet of the home base; or 
which, after being struck at and not hit, strike the per¬ 
son of the batsman; or when the ball be bunted foul by 
the batsman; or any foul hit ball not caught on the fly 
unless the batsman has two strikes, provided, however, 
that a pitched ball shall not be called or counted a 
“ball” or “strike” by the umpire until it has passed the 
home plate. 

Rule 74. 

If but one umpire be assigned, his duties and jurisdic¬ 
tion shall extend to all points, and he shall be permitted 
to take his stand in any part of the field that in his 
opinion will best enable him to discharge his duties. If 
two umpires be assigned to a game, the assistant umpire 
shall decide all plays at first and second bases. 

Rule 75. Field Rules. 

No person shall be allowed upon any part of the field 
during the progress of a game except the players in uni¬ 
form, the manager of each side, the umpire, such officers 
of the law as may be present in uniform, and such 
watchmen of the home club as may be necessary to pre¬ 
serve the peace. 

Rule 76. 

No manager, captain or player shall address the spec¬ 
tators during a game except in reply to a request for 
information about the progress or state of the game. 

Rule 77. 

Every club shall furnish sufficient police force to pre¬ 
serve order upon its own grounds, and in the event of a 
crowd entering the field during the progress of a game, 
and interfering with the nlay in any manner, the visit¬ 
ing club may refuse to play until the field be cleared. 



SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


IOI 


If the field be not cleared within 15 minutes thereafter, 
the visiting club may claim and shall be entitled to the 
game by a score of nine runs to none (no matter what 
number of innings has been played). 

Rule 78. General Definitions. 

“Play” is the order of the umpire to begin the game or 
to resume it after its suspension. 

Rule 79. 

“Time” is the order of the umpire to suspend play. 
Such suspension must not extend beyond the day. 

Rule 80. 

“Game” is the announcement of the umpire that the 
game is terminated. 

Rule 81. 

“An inning” is the term at bat of the nine players 
representing a club in a game and is completed when 
three of such players have been legally put out. 

Rule 82 . 

“A Time at Bat” is the term at bat of a batsman. It 
begins when he takes his position, and continues until 
he is put out or becomes a base runner. But a time at 
bat shall not be charged against a batsman who is 
awarded first base by the umpire for being hit by a 
pitched ball or for the illegal delivery of the pitcher or 
on called balls or when he makes a sacrifice hit. 

Rule 83. 

“Legal” or “Legally” signifies as required by these 
rules. _ 

THE SCORING RULES. 

Rule 84. 

To promote uniformity in scoring championship games 
the following instructions are given and suggestions 
and definitions made for the guidance of scorers, and 
they are required to make all scores in accordance there¬ 
with. 

Rule 85. The Batsman’s Record. 

Section i. The first item in the tabulated score, after 
the player’s name and position, shall be the number of 
times he has been at bat during the game, but the ex¬ 
ceptions made in Rule 82 must not be included. 





102 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL 


Sec. 2. In the second column shall be set down the 
runs, if any, made by each player. 

Sec. 3. In the third column shall be placed the first 
base hits, if any, made by each player. 

The Scoring of Base Hits. 

Sec. 4. A base hit shall be scored in the following 
cases: 

When the ball from the bat strikes the ground on or 
within the foul lines and out of the reach of the fielders. 

When a fair-hit ball is partially or wholly stopped by 
a fielder in motion, but such player can not recover him¬ 
self in time to field the ball to first before the striker 
reaches that base or to force out another base runner. 

When the ball be hit with such force to an infielder or 
pitcher that he can not handle it in time to put out the 
batsman or force out a base runner. In a case of doubt 
over this class of hits, a base hit should be scored and 
the fielder exempted from the charge of an error. 

When the ball is hit so slowly toward a fielder that he 
cannot handle it in time to put out the batsman or force 
out a base runner. 

In all cases where a base runner is retired by being hit 
by a batted ball, the batsman should be credited with a 
base hit. 

When a batted ball hits the person or clothing of the 
umpire, as defined in Rule 54, Section 2. 

In no case shall a base hit be scored when a base run¬ 
ner is forced out by the play. 

Sacrifice Hits. 

Sec. 5 - In the fourth column shall be placed the sac¬ 
rifice hits. 

A sacrifice hit shall be credited to the batsman who, 
when no one is out or when but one man is out, ad¬ 
vances a runner a base by a bunt hit, which results in 
the batsman being put out before reaching first, or would 
so result if it were handled without error. 

Fielding Records. 

Sec. 6. The number of opponents, if any, put out by 
each player shall be set down in the fifth column. Where 
the batsman is given out by the umpire for a foul strike, 
or fails to bat in proper order, the put-out shall be 
scored to the catcher. In case of the base runner being 
declared “out” for interference, running out of line, or 
on an infield fly, the “out” should be credited to the player 



SCIENCE or BASEBALL. 


103 


who would have made the play but for the action of the 
base runner or the announcement of the umpire. 

Sec. 7. The number of times, if any, each player 
assists in putting out an opponent shall be set down in 
the sixth column. An assist should be given to each 
player who handles the ball in aiding in a run out or 
any other play of the kind, except the one who com¬ 
pletes it. 

An assist should be given to a player who makes a 
play in time to put a runner out, even if the player who 
could complete the play fail, through no fault of the 
assisting player. 

And generally an assist should be given to each player 
who handles or assists in any manner in handling the 
ball from the time it leaves the bat until it reaches the 
player who makes the put-out, or in case of a thrown 
ball, to each player who throws or handles it cleanly, and 
in such a way that a put-out results, or would result if 
no error were made by a team-mate. 

Assists should be credited to every player who handles 
the ball in the play which results in a base runner being 
called “out” for interference or for running out of line. 

Errors. 

Sec. 8 . An error shall be given in the seventh col¬ 
umn for each misplay which prolongs the time at bat of 
the batsman or allows a base runner to make one or 
more bases when perfect play would have insured his 
being put out. But a wild pitch, a base on balls, a base 
awarded to a batsman by being struck by a pitched ball, 
an illegal pitch, a balk and a passed ball, each of which 
is a battery and not a fielding error, shall not be in¬ 
cluded in the seventh column. 

An error shall not be charged against the catcher for 
a wild throw in an attempt to prevent a stolen base, 
unless the base runner advance an extra base because 
of the error. 

An error shall not be scored against the catcher or an 
infielder who attempts to complete a double play, unless 
the throw be so wild that an additional base be gained. 

In case a base runner advance a base through the 
failure of a baseman to ston or trv to stop a ball accu¬ 
rately thrown to his base, he shall be charged with an 
error and not the player who made such throw, pro¬ 
vided there were occasion for it. If such throw be made 



io 4 


SCIENCE OF BASEBALL. 


to second base the scorer shall determine whether the 
second baseman or shortstop shall be charged with an 
error. 

Stolen Bases. 

Sec. i. A stolen base shall be credited to the base 
runner whenever he advances a base unaided by a base 
hit, a put-out, a fielding or a battery error. 

Rule 86. 

The Summary shall contain: 

Section i. The score made in each inning of the 
game and the total runs of each side in the game. 

Sec. 2. The number of stolen bases, if any, by each 
player. 

Sec. 3. The number of two-base hits, if any, made by 
each player. 

Sec. 4. The number of three-base hits, if any, made 
by each player. 

Sec. 5. The number of home runs, if any, made by 
each player. 

Sec. 6. The number of double and triple plays, if any, 
made by each side and the names of the players as¬ 
sisting in the same. 

Sec. 7. The number of innings each pitcher pitched 
in. 

Sec. 8. The number of base hits, if any, made off 
each pitcher. 

Sec. 9. The number of times, if any, the pitcher 
strikes out the opposing batsmen. 

Sec. 10. The number of times, if any, the pitcher 
gives bases on balls. 

Sec. 11. The number of wild pitches, if any, charged 
to the pitcher. 

Sec. 12. The number of times, if any, the pitcher 
hits a batsman with a pitched ball. 

Sec. 13. The number of passed balls by each catcher. 

Sec. 14. The time of the game. 

Sec. 15. The name of the umpire. 




FOX’S BASE BALLS. 


THE FOX 

NATIONAL LEAGUE 
BALL. 

Is guaranteed to 
conform exactly 
with all the speci¬ 
fications and re¬ 
quirements of the 
National League. 
None but the best 
material is used in 
its construction and 
we guarantee it to 
last a full game of 
nine innings with¬ 
out ripping or los¬ 
ing its shape. 

No. 1, Each, 1.25 


Tlie Fox 

High=School League 
Ball. 

Regulation size and weight. 
All yarn and rubber centre; 
selected horsehide cover. 
Will keep its shape under 
heavy batting. Each ball 
in a separate box and scaled. 
No. 2 . . Each, 50c. 


RICHARD K. FOX, FRANKLIN SQUARE, NEW YORK CITY 























FOX’S BASE BALLS. 

flftoYS’ LeaGU^I 

teHORSE HIDE C 0 VE^||| 

No. 3. 

Tlie Fox 

Boys’ League Ball. 

The best 25 c. ball on the 
market. Is of regulation 
size and weight; has care¬ 
fully selected horse hide 
cover, evenly stitched. Each 
ball in a separate box. 

No. 3 .Each, 25 e. 

The Fox 

Junior League Ball. 

This ball is a trifle under 
the regulation size, but is 
made with the same great care 
as is employed in the manu¬ 
facture of our higher-priced 
balls. It fills the demand for 
a high-grade boys’ size ball. 
Each ball in a separate box. 

No. 4 .Each, 25 c. 

(^Junior Leagues 

HORSE HIDE COVER ] 

NoX 

No. 6. 

Tlie Fox 

Boss Base Ball. 

A good, lively ball, two- 

piece sheepskin cover, 

weight, 4 oz., size, 8 inches. 

No. 6. Each, 5 c. 

RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square, New York City. 





































































FOX’S CATCHERS’ MITTS. 


Fox’s 

Intercollegiate Hitt. 

This Mitt is manufac¬ 
tured of brown calfskin, 
sewed with best quality 
of linen thread, waxed 
and well padded. Has 
the patent laced thumb 
with attachment and 
patent lacing for repad¬ 
ding. Has the rubber 
guard protecting the 
thumb and fingers, and 
has a good deep pocket. 
Strap and buckle fasten¬ 
ing on back. 

Price Bach. $2.50. 


Fox’s Star Mitt. 

Has drab horsehide 
leather for the palms and 
Yucatan leather for the 
fingers and back, and is 
made in men’s extra large 
sizes. Has our patent 
laced thumb and attach¬ 
ment and patent lacing 
for repadding. Also 
patent rubber guards pro¬ 
tecting the thumb and 
fingers. The seams be¬ 
tween the thumb and 
hand are covered with 
calfskin, preventing all 
ripping. Strap and buckle 
fastening at the back. 
Price Bach. $1.50 


RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square, New York City. 















FOX’S CATCHERS’ MITTS. 



No. 5 M. 


Fox’s 

Amateur mitt. 


Drab horsehide front, 
olive green back, lieel 
pad and patent thumb 
adjustment. 

Price Each. $1.00. 


Fox’s 

Leader Mitt. 

The largest and best Mitt 
ever offered at the price. 
Has craven front with heel 
ridge and patent thumb 
adjustment. The back is 
craven and gold tan leather. 
Men’s size. 

Price Each. 50c. 



No. 3 M. 



No. ZM. 


Fox’s Boys’ Mitt. 


An exceptionally fine Mitt 
for Boys, made of good quality 
chrome-colored leather. Has 
heel ridge and patent thumb 
adjustment. 

Price Each. 35c. 


RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square, New York City 

















FOX’S INFIELDERS' GLOVES. 

Fox’s No. 9 Infielders’ Glove. Fox’s No. 7 Infielders’ Glove. 




Made of the finest quality 
mouse-colored horsehide. It 
is padded throughout with the 
finest all-wool felt, leather 
lined, sewed with the best linen 
thread, with seams all welted, 
and has connecting thumb 
web, 

Price Each. S 3 . 00 . 



No. 3. 


Made of heavy drab-colored 
selected horsehide, heavily 
padded. Has a web between 
thumb and forefinger and 
raised heel ridge which forms 
a good pocket. Is sewed with 
strong waxed linen thread 
and has welt seams and is 
leather lined. 

Price Each, S 3 50 . 


Fox’s No. 3 Infielders’ Glove. 

Made of good quality drab, 
chrome and tan leather. Has 
thumb web and heel ridge, which 
forms a good pocket. Felt lining. 

Price Each, $ 1 . 25 . 


RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square, New York City. 




























FOX’S CATCHERS’ MITTS. 


Fox’s 

New York Mitt. 

The most popular 
Catchers’ Mitt oil the 
market. Is made on 
a large pattern, with 
genuine brown calf¬ 
skin front and horse- 
hide back, stitched 
with heavy wax thread. 
The patent lacing en¬ 
ables the player to 
adjust the pad to suit 
himself. Strap and 
buckle fastening on 
back. 

Price Each. . .$ 4 . 00 . 


Fox’s 

League Mitt. 

Made on the same 
large pattern as our 
No. io M. Has horse- 
hide front and brown 
Yucatan back. Pat¬ 
ent lace and heel 
ridge. Strap and 
buckle fastening on 
back. 

Price Each .. .$ 3 . 00 . 


RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square. NEW York City. 


f 4 | t 

% 3 


•M« -A 

i \\ 4 a 

A 


No. 9 M. 











FOX'S BASEMEN'S MITTS. 


Fox’s 


No. 6 B Basemen’s Mitt. 

\ GCHUfMC |jr 

The front and back is 
of genuine calfskin, has 
leather lining, web thumb 
and heel ridge, strap and 
buckle fastening at back. 

■n * ^ rtt, O A A 

N 0 . 6 B. 

Price Each..$o.UU. 

Fox’s No. 3 B Basemen’s Mitt. 

Fox’s No. 0 B Basemen’s Mitt. 

f fSx \ 

C *OX 

\\ OB J 

No.3B. 

No. OB. 

Has drab colored horse- 
hide palm, with olive- 
colored leather back; same 
size and style as our No. 

4 B; strap and buckle back. 
Price Each $1.50. 

Boys’ Basemen’s Mitt, 
same quality and style as 
our No. 1 B, but smaller. 

Price Each. 50c. 

RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square, New York City. 


















FOX’S FIELDERS’ M ITTS. 

Fox’s No. 3 F Fielders’ Mitt; Fox’s No. 6 F Fielders’ Mitt. 



Has drab horsehide palm 
and craven tan leather back, 
web thumb and strap and 
buckle fastening at back. 

Price Each, $ 1 . 50 . 



No. 8. 



No. 6 F. 


Made of genuine brown calf¬ 
skin, has leather lining, web 
thumb and strap and buckle 
fastening at back, fits closely 
to the hand and, being very 
flexible, gives nearly the same 
freedom as a glove. 

Price Each, $ 2 . 50 . 


Fox’s No. 8 Infielders’ 
Glove. 

Made of best quality 
horsehide, heavily padded 
on heel and side, giving 
thorough protection to 
side of hand and little 
finger; has welt seams 
but no thumb web, 

Price, Each, $ 2 . 50 , 


RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square, New York City. 

















FOX’S BASE BALL OUTFITS. 


Fox’s No. B Infielders’ 
Glove. 



No. B. 


Made of pearl-colored chrome 
and tan leather. Has heel 
ridge and thumb web ; well 
padded and leather lined. 

Price Each, 50c. 


Base Ball Bases—Three 
Bases to a Set. 



No. 1—Made of extra 
heavy canvas, quilted, 
complete with wrought 
iron spikes and straps. 

Per set, S*5.00 

No. 2—Made of heavy 
canvas, complete with 
spikes andstraps. 

Per set, 4.00 

No. 3—Good quality can¬ 
vas.Per set, 2.75 


Base Ball and Outing Belts. 

Web Belts are made in the following colors : white, black, navy 
blue, royal blue, scarlet, red and maroon. 



No. 1. 


No. 1—Web Belt. Best worsted, 2 y 2 inches wide, with 

double strap and leather-covered buckles. Each, 40c. 
No. 2—Web Belt. Best cotton, 2 l / 2 inches wide, double 

strap and metal buckle.Each, 30c. 


RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square, New York City. 
























































































































































FOX’S CATCHERS’ MASKS. 


RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square, New York City. 


fox’s i\ieck-protectii\ig;mask, 


Heavy steel wire. 
Black enameled. 
Same quality as our 
No. A Mask, but 
without neck pro¬ 
tection. 

Price Each, 

$ 2 . 25 . 


Best quality heavy 
steel wire. Black 
enameled. Has 
patent extension 
neck protection. 

W ' 

Price Each 


$ 2.75 


FOX’S LEAGUE MASK, 


No. B 





















FOX’S CATCHERS’ MASKS. 


FOX’S REGULATION MASK. 

Made of heavy steel wire, 
a trifle lighter than our 
No. B Mask. 

Price, No. C, 

EACH. 

Blued steel wire ....$1.75 
Price, No. D, 

EACH. 

Bright steel wire. ..$1.50 


FOX’S 

AMATEUR MASK. 

Regulation size, 
good quality fittings. 
A substantial Mask 
which will stand hard 
usage. 


FOX’S YOUTHS’ MASK. 

No. F, Bright steel wire with 

head piece, Each. 75c. 

No. H, Bright wire, no head 

piece, Each. 50c. 

No. I, Bright wire, no head 

piece, Each... 25c. 

RICHARD K. FOX, FRANKLIN SQUARE, NEW YORK CITY. 



Nos. H and I. 




Nos. C and D. 















FOX’S CATCHERS’ AND UMPIRES’ PROTECTOR. 


The Jbest practical 
device for the pro¬ 
tection of catchers 
and umpires. 

Made of best quality 
rubber, with patent 
inflating valve. 
When not in use the 
air may be let out 
and Protector rolled 
up in a very small 
space. 

No. 10A, League Catchers’ Protector, Each, $4.50 

No. 11 A, Amateur “ “ “ 3.25 

No. 12B, Junior “ “ “ 2.00 



FOX’S BAT BAGS. 



Club Bat Bag, No. i. 


These Bags are made from extra heavy waterproof 
brown duck, in a thorough manner. Each end is re¬ 
enforced by heavy leather. 

No. 1—Holds 12 Bats .Each, $2.50 

RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square. New York City. 













FOX’S ATHLETIC CAPS. 



English Class Cap. 



Chicago Cap. 


College Cap. 


No. A Quality—Finest Venetian cloth; any style; colors, 
white, pearl grey, Yale blue, Yale grey, black, 
maroon and navy blue; satin lined. . Each, $1.00 
No. B Quality—Finest outing flannel; any style ; same 

colors as our No. A Quality ; satin lined. . Each, .75 
No. C Quality—Good outing flannel; anv style ; colors, 
black, white, red, maroon, navy blue and grey. 

Lined with sateen.Each, .50 

No. E Quality—Good flannel; any style ; in navy blue, 

grey or brown.Each, .25 


Rubber Home Plate. 



Made of white rub¬ 
ber. exactly in ac¬ 
cordance with the 
League specifica¬ 
tions; each lias 
five removable 
spikes.$7.75 


RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square, New York City. 





















BASE BALL. 


TOE AND HEEL PLATES. 



No. 1—Special hand-forged Steel Toe Plate, with rivets, 


Per Pair. 35c. 

No. 2—Best quality Steel Toe Plate, with screws, 

Per Pair. 20c. 

No. 3—Good quality Steel Toe Plate, with screws, 

Per Pair. 10c. 

No. 1—Special hand-forged steel Heel Plate, with rivets, 

Per Pair. 35c. 

No. 2—Best quality Steel Heel Plate, with screws, 

Per Pair. 20c. 

No. 3—Good quality Steel Heel Plate, Avith screws, 

Per Pair . lOc. 



FOX'S 

PITCHERS' TOE PLATES. 

_JK_ 

W 

No. 1—Fine quality Aluminum 
Toe Plate, right or left .35c. 

No. 2 —P'ine quality Brass Toe 
Plate, right or left. 25c. 


RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square. New York City. 
























FQXS ATHLETIC STOCKINGS. 




Athletic Stockings. 

Heavy Ribbed Athletic Stock¬ 
ings. F 14 II Fashioned and guaran¬ 
teed fast colors. 


The following 
colors are in 
stock: black, 
navy blue, ma¬ 
roon. scarlet, 
red. Yale blue, 
Columbia blue, 
grey, and alter¬ 
nate stripes. 


No. 15—Best quality worsted, plain colors, with feet. 

Per pair. $1.00 

No. 35—Best quality worsted, 2 inch stripes, with feet. 

Per pair..... 1.00 

No. 16—Best quality worsted, plain coiors, footless. 

Per pair.85 

No. 26—Best quality worsted, 2-inch stripes, footless. 

Per pair.85 

No. 17—Medium weight worsted, plain colors, with feet. 

Per pair.75 

No. 27—Medium weight worsted, 2-inch stripes, with feet. 

Per pair.75 

No. 18—Medium weight worsted, plain colors, footless. 

Per pair.65 

No. 28—Medium weight worsted, 2-inch stripes, footless. 

Per pair.65 

No. 19—Good quality worsted, plain colors, with feet. 

Per pair.60 

No. 29—Good quality worsted, 2 inch stripes, with feet. 

Per pair.60 

No. 20—Good quality worsted, plain colors, footless. 

Per pair. 50 

No. 21—Good quality w r orsted, 2-inch stripes, footless. 

Per pair.50 


RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square, New York City. 































FOX'S ATHLETIC SHOES. 

Fox’s Baseball Shoes. 


No. 51—Baseball Shoe, black horsehide upper, 
machine sewed, with flexible shank, fitted with 


our No. 2 toe and heel plates; per pair.$2.00 

No. 5—Baseball Shoe, same style and quality as 
our No. 51, but has Goodyear welt; per pair. . $3.00 
No. 53-Baseball Shoe, regulation cut, black kan¬ 
garoo calf upper, flexible shank, best steel heel 

and toe plates; per pair. .. . $3.50 

No. 54—Baseball Shoe, genuine selected black 
kangaroo calf, outside reinforcement, regula¬ 
tion league cut; hand-forged plates riveted on. 

Per pair.$4.00 


Fox’s Indoor Running Shoe without Spikes. 


No. 89 I.—Fine calfskin upper, with light sole, 
which is covered with corrugated rubber from 
toe to ball of foot; the rubber is cemented and 
sewed on. A good shoe; very light and dur¬ 
able. Per pair.$2.00 








FOX’S ATHLETIC SHOES. 


FOX’S BICYCLE SHOES. 



No. 40—Bicycle Shoe, black dongola Bal., McKay 

sewed, scored sole.Per pair, $1.50 

No. 41—Bicycle Shoe, black Jap. calf Bal., Goodyear 

welt, scored sole .Per pair, 2.00 

No. 42—Bicycle Shoe, black kangaroo Bal., McKay 

sewed, scored sole.Per pair, 2.50 

No 43-Bicycle Shoe, black Jap. calf Oxford, McKay 

sewed, scored sole.Per pair, 2.00 

No. 44—Bicycle Racing Slipper, Blucher cut, black elk- 

skin, hand sewed, featherweight.Per pair, 2.50 


SPIKED RUNNING SHOE. 



No. 87 R—Fine calfskin Running Shoe, hand made, six 

best English steel spikes.Per pair, $2.75 


RICHARD K. FOX, Franklin Square, New York City. 





















FOX’S BASE BALL UNIFORMS 



No. A Uniform 

is made from finest League flan¬ 
nel and is the same as used by the 
National League and large college 
teams. Colors, four shades of 
grey, black, maroon, navy blue, 
brown, green and white. 

Shirt, any style.$4 50 

Pants, full padded. 4 00 

Hose, No. 1, finest quality_ 1 00 

Caps, best quality . 75 

Belt, best worsted or leather. 50 


Lace Front. 


Complete.$10 75 

No. B Uniform 

is made from flannel a trifle 
lighter in weight than A but of the 
same quality. Colors, four shades 
of grey, black, maroon, navy blue, 
brown, green and white. 

Shirt, any style.$3 50 

Pants, full padded. 3 00 

Hose, fine worsted. 1 00 

Caps, any style. 75 

Belt, leather or worsted. 50 


Complete 


No. C Uniform 

is made of the finest outing flan¬ 
nel. Good value for a high school 
or amateur team. Colors, four 
shades of grey, black, maroon, 
navy blue and white. 

Shirr, any style.$2 50 

Pants, full padded.2 25 

Hose fine worsted. 1 00 

Caps, any style. 75 

Belt, leather or web. 50 

Complete.$7 00 

No. D Uniform 

is made of a good quality medium 
weight flannel and is well finished. 
It is a durable outfit for a low price. 
Colors, four shades of grey, navy 
blue, crimson and black. 

Shirt, lace or button.$2 50 

Pants, full padded. 2 25 

Hose, all wool. "0 

Caps, any style. 50 

Belt, leather or web. 



tfWpm r 


I O 


i.... 


25 



Complete.$6 0 


Button Front. 











































































re- CAN FURNISH ANYTHING IN THE ATHLETIC LINE AT LOWEST PRICES. 


FOX’S BOXING GLOVES. 


Nos. 1, 2 and 3. 

Mo. 1 — Boys’ size, triado of oil tan 
leather; a substantial glove, hair pad¬ 
ded. Set of four gloves. 

Per set... $1.00 

No. 2 — Men’s size, made of oil tan 
leather; excellent value for the price. 
Per set.. ...$ 1.50 

No. 3—Boys’ size, made of wine-colored 
leather, Corbett style, and padded with 
good quality of hair. Per set..., $1.50 


No. C. 

No. C — Men's Boxing 
Glove. Made of Yuca- 
tan kid, padded with 
fine quality hair. 

Per set $2. OO. 


Nos. 4 and 5, 

No. 4—Men s size, made of finest 
quality Yucatan kid, Corbett 
style, lace wrist and padded 
with a superior quality of hair, 
Per set. . . $2.50 

No. 5—Men's size, made of Cali¬ 
fornia Napa kid, Corbett style, 
and stitched with strongest 
linen thread: padded with 
curled hair. Per set.... $3.00 


RICHARD K. FOX, FRANKLIN SQUARE, NEW YORK CITY. 












FOX’S BOXING GLOVES, 


No. 7. 

No. 7—Corbett style and ma'le 
from fiDO Benton tan kid. The 
seams aro welted and are 
stitched in tho most approved 
• manner with strong silk 
thread. The padding is the 
best curled hair. 

Per set, $5.00. 



No. 6. 


No. <>—Made of wine-colored kid 
and has a well padded wrist 
and grip. Corbett style. Ono 
of our most popular gloves. 

Per set, $4.00. 




No. 8. 

No 8—Made from the heaviest 
and best Benton tan kid, which 
is imported especially for tho 
manufacture of this glove. The 
padding is of the best curled 
hair obtainable, and all tho 
seams aro welted, The gloves 
are fully guaranteed. IVJade in 
three weights, 5, 6 and 8 oz. 
each glove. Per set_ $6.00 

RICHARD K< FOX, FRANKLIN SQUARE, NEW YORK CITY. 


GAN FURNISH ANYTHING IN THE ATHLETIC LINE AT L0WE8* PRICES 



FOX’S STRIKING BAGS. 


ROUND STRIKING BAGS. 

No. O-Made of good quality wine-colored 
kid and packed with pure gum bladder, 
cord and screw eye; price.,. $ 1.00 

No. 1—Made of selected wine-colored kid, and 
regulation size. Packed with pure gum 
bladder, cord and screw eye; price $1.60 

No 2 — Full regulation size bag, made of 
heavy oil tanned leather. The seams are 
triple stitched with waxed linen thread. 
Each bag has a pure gum rubber bladder, 
cord and screw eye. Complete in a 
separate box. Price... $2 00 

No 3-This bag is made from wine-colored 
leather, with Napa green trimmings. A 
strong, durable bag. Packed in a box with 
a gum rubber bladder, etc. Price.. .$2.50 

No 4—Made from best Yucatan kid and 
sewed in the most approved manner. An 
exceedingly lively bag. Price. $3.00 

No. 0—Made from California Napa kid and has seams stitched with triple 
rows of best linen thread. Each bag has pure gum bladder, cotu and 
screw eye. Price...-. .....^4.00 

No. 10—The peer of any bag made. Exceedingly lively, owing to the 
quality of the stock used in its manufacture, which is the best Russia 
calfskin obtainable. The seams are sewed by hand and reinforced in 
every possible wav. This bag is in use by two-thirds of the gym¬ 
nasiums in the United States-a fact which should be sufficient 
guarantee of its superiority. Price... .......$5.00 



Bell Shaped Striking Bags. 

No. 5—Made from Russia calfskin, and one 
of the liveliest bags made. Packed com¬ 
plete with pure gum rubber bladder and 
cord in a separate box, 

Price, $4,000. 

No 7 —Made from fine quality Russia calf¬ 
skin and stitched with best silk thread. 
The liveliest bag manufactured by any¬ 
body and weighs complete with bladder, 
12 oz. 

Price, $5.00. 



RICHARD K. FOX, FRANKLIN SQUARE, NEW YORK CITY. 


CAN FURNISH ANYTHING IN THE ATHLETIC L1NF AT LOWEST PRICE8 












FOX'S STRIKING BAGS. 


Double End Bags. 

o. 1 D—Made of selected wine colored kid, 
regulation size. Packed with puro gum 
bladder and all attachments. 

PRICE, $1.80. 

o. 2 D—Full regulation size bag, made of 
heavy oil tanned leather, triple stitched 
with waxed linen thread. The loops are 
extra reinforced. Packed in a box with 
pure gum rubber bladder, cord, elastic 
floor attachment and screw eyes. 

PRICE $2.50. 

No. 4 D— Made from finest Yucatan kid 
and triple stitched on reinforcements 
with best linen thread, Packed in a box 
with pure gum bladder, cord, clastic 
floor attachment and screw eye. 

PRICE, $3.60, 


Pear Shaped Striking Bags. 

No. A P—Made of Are Napa kid, triple 
seams. 28 inches in circumference. A very 
lively bag and a favorite with professionals 
Each.... $2.60 

No. 3 P—This bag is made of wine colored 
kid, has triple seams, and is 80 inches in 
circumference. Complete with pure gum 
bladder. Each......... $3.00 

No. 2 P—Made of best quality Benton tan 
leather. Stitched with strong linen thread. 

Circumference 80 inches. Complete with 
pure gum bladder. Each.$4.00 

No. 1 P—Made of best quality selected 
Russia calf, with welt seams. 80 inches in 
circumference. A very durable bag Com¬ 
plete with pure gum seamless bladder. 

Each..... $8.00 

RICHARD K. FOX, FRANKLIN SQUARE, NEW YORK CITY. 




QAM FURNISH ANYTHING IN THE ATHLETIC LINE AT LOWEST PRICES 











FOOT BHLL & 


Medicine Ball. 


The covers are cf selected leather, 
stitched with strong linen thread. The 
exercise consists of passing the ball from 
one to another and the catching of it de¬ 
velops the chest, arms and legs and 
strengthens the back. 


No. 1-4 lb. Ball.each 84.00 

No. 2—6 “ “. “ 5.00 

No. 3-9 “ “ .6.00 


RICHARD K. FOX, FRANKLIN SQUARE, NEW YORK CITY. 


The Fox Amateur 
Foot Ball. 

Made of finest pebble grain 
leather, lined with strong 
duck. Guaranteed to be per¬ 
fect inshape. Complete with 
bladder. 

NO. 3 - $1.60 EACH. 


The Fox Inter- 
Collegiate Foot 
Ball. 

Is a perfect Foot 
Ball,conforming in 
every detail to the 
requirements o f 
Inter- Collegiate 
Foot Ball Associ¬ 
ation. Made from 
the finest English 
grain leather and 
has a pure Para 
rubber bladder. 
Packed in a box 
and sealed. Com¬ 
plete with pump. 

NO. 1, 
$4.00 EACH. 


The Fox Associaton 
Foot Ball. 

Made of finest English 
grain leather and guaranteed 
perfectly round. Complete 
with bladder, pump and 
lacing needle. 

NO. 1A - $3.00 EACH. 


W CAN FURNISH ANYTHING IN THE ATHLETIC LINE AT LQWEtT PRICES. 



















si.oo 

PAYS FOR 

POLICE GAZETTE 

13 W E IE KI S 

....AND ANY OF THE FOLLOWING.... 

PREMIUMS FREE ! 


SPORTING 

ANNUAL 

1904. 

Complete Records 
of every Branch 
of Sport. 

* i 

— 

COCKER’S 

I Vj * 

GUIDE. 


All Cock-Fighting 
Rules. 


THE DOC 

[ * 3 ? \ 

PIT. 


Indispensable to 
owners of Fight¬ 
ing Hogs. 



Bartender’s 

Guide. 

All the latest 
drinks. 


SCIENTIFIC 

WRESTLING 

?5 Half tone 
Illustrations. 


BOXING 

AND 

HOW TO TRAIN. 

With illustrations 
and rules of the 
manly art. 


BARBER’S BOOK OF 
RECIPES. 

How to make Hair Tonics. 


POLICE GAZETTE 
CELEBRITIES. 

Beautiful Half-tone Portraits. 


FIVE-POUND DUMB 
BELL EXERCISES 

With Half-tone Illustrations. 


PHYSICAL CULTURE 

Beneficial to everybody. 

PEARL HANDLE PEN. 

SET OF FIVE DICE. 

















THE GREATEST BOOK EVER 
PUBLISHED. 



N9^-rOXS ATHLETIC LIBRARY 


PUBLISHED BY 

RICHARD K.FOX 

FRANKLIN SQUARE 
NEW YORK. 




























FOX’S GYMNASIUM SUPPLIES. 



NICKEL-PLATED 
DUMB BELLS. 

Highly polished, 

1 to 5 pounds, 
per pound 10c. 


IRON DUMB BELLS. 

Japanned, 1 to 40 lbs., 

per lb.05 

Japanned, 40 lbs. and over, 
per lb...08 

RICHARD K. FOX, FRANKLIN SQUARE, NEW YORK CITY. 




f9-QAN FURNI8H ANYTHING IN THE ATHLETIC LINE AT LOWEST PRICE8, 



























GREATEST OF REFERENCE BOOKS 

CONTAINS ALLTHE SPORTING RECORDS 
IT EASILY FITS IN THE VEST POCKET 



ACTUAL SIZE OF BOOK 3 X A% INCHES 

THE STANDARD SPORTING AUTHORITY 







































Five Pound^ Dumb BelE 

Exercises 

Prof. AfnLA 

ILLUSTRATED WITH 

30 

FULL-PAGE, HANDSOME 

HALF-TONE 
PLATES . . 


Greatest Series of Physical 
Culture Movements Known 

Just Issued IN BOOK FORIVj 

PRICE 

lOo. 

ORDER AT ONCE 

RICHARD K. FOX, Publisher 

Franklin Square, NEW YORK CITY 

Our 1904 Handsome Illustrated Premium Book Mailed Free 






















DEVELOP 

.a—--YOUR 'MUSCLES 


Illustrated with 75 FULL PAGE HALF-TONE PLATES 

RICHARD K. FOX7 Publisher 

Franklin Square NEW YORK CITY 













STRIKING BRGS. 





Tho Fox Noiseless 
Striking Bag. 

The following nre few of 
tho advantages claimed for 
the Fox Noiseless Striking 
Bag: 

Docs not jar the house. 
Lightness of construction; 
weight only 9 pounds. 

Compactness-When boxed 
ready for shipment meas¬ 
ures only 12x28x4 inches. Re¬ 
quires only 16 x 18 inches 
wall space. 

Guaranteed absolutely 
noiseless. 

Adjustable speed—A feat¬ 
ure not obtained ou uny 
other bag. 

No. 1-Outfit complete with 
good quality bag, 

Price each.$7.50 

No.2— Outfit complete, in¬ 
cluding finoselected Russia 
calf, treble seam bag, in¬ 
haling pumpand striking 
bag gloves, prico $10,00 
Descriptive booklet on 
application. 


Fox’s Fureka Striking 
Bag Bruin. Made of one- 
itich ash, w» II seasoned. 21 
inches in diameter, nicely 
finished with solid wrought 
iron brackets. A npat, 
solid platform. 

Price, without bag, $5.00 


The Victor 20th Century 

Striking Bag. 

The frame is of black 
enameled metal with forged 
steel brace rod, and a fine 
quality special tan bag with 
pure gum bladder goes with 
each outfit. 

It Will go either side of a 
doorway and occupies a spac 
of only a one-foot triangle, 
exteuding into the room two 
feet. 

No. 3 —Complete with bag. 

Price.$7.00 

Weight, complete in box, 
12 pounds. 

Extra Bags, each.$2.00 



RICHARD K. FOX, FRANKLIN SQUARE, NEW YORK CITY. 


CAN FURNISH ANYTHING IN THE ATHLETIC LINE AT LOWEST PRICES. 





















PHYSICAL CULTURE FOR 
WOMEN. 

NO. 5. FOX’S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 


By BELLE GORDON, Champion Woman Bag 
Puncher. 


RICHARD K. FOX, PUB., FRANKLIN SQUARE, N. Y. CITY. 





















This Book is an authority upon the subject of which 
it treats and is invaluable to the Dog Fancier 

PRICE, ... 25 CENTS. 


RICHARD K. FOX, Pub., Franklin Square, New York City 


THE DOG PIT. 




An Illustrated Treatise on the Breeding, Training 
and Handling of Fighting Dogs. 


It Also Contains 


The Latest 


POLICE GAZETTE 


RULES. 

















SCIENTIFIC WRESTLING 


No Such Book Has Ever Been Placed 
Before the American Public . . . 



PRICE 25 CENTS 


It Contains 71 Full Page Illustrations 

Reproduced from Photographs Specially Posed for 

It exemplifies all the HOLDS, COUNTERS and ESCAPES 
known to Mat Artists, as well as a few New Ones. Size 
of Book 5 x 7 inches. 















The Cocker’s Guide. 


How to Train, Feed and Breed Game Cocks, 
Together With Complete Pit Rules. 



HE DIED FIGHTING. 


This is a Standard Book, and Should Be In Every 
Sporting Library. 


. . . IT IS FULL OF INFORMATION. . . . 



PRICE, - - 

- - - - 25 CENTS. 

RICHARD K. FOX. PUB., 

Franklin Square, New York City. 















BARBERS’ BOOK OF RECIPES 


This Shows The Novice How To Make Hair Tonics, 
Cosmetics, Cold Cream, etc., and it is a Money 
Saver for the Up-To-Date Tonsorialist. 


Order One Now and You Will Reduce Your Expenses 
And Increase Your Income. 


PRICE, - - - - 25 CENTS. 


RICHARD K. FOX, Pub. Franklin Square, New York City 



















Boxing Gloves Free ! 


A FINE SET OF GLOVES MADE 
OF THE BEST YUCATAN KID AND 
FILLED WITH SUPERIOR QUALITY 
HAIR, LACE WRIST, CORBETT 
STYLE WILL BE GIVEN AS A 
PREMIUM TO ANYONE SENDING 


$ 6.00 

FOR ONE YEAR S SUBSCRIPTION 
TO THE 


..POLICE GAZETTE.. 



Punching Bag Free ! 


REGULATION SIZE, MADE OF HEAVY 
OIL TANNED LEATHER, SEAMS ARE 
TRIPLE STITCHED WITH WAXED LINEN 
THREAD, PURE GUM RUBBER BLAD¬ 
DER, CORD AND SCREW EYE. 

A SUPERIOR BAG IN EVERY WAY. 
FREE TO YOU ON RECEIPT OF 

$ 6.00 

FOR ONE YEAR’S SUBSCRIPTION 

TO THE 

..POLICE GAZETTE.. 

THE BEST SPORTING PAPER 
IN THE WORLD. 


RICHARD K. FOX, Publisher, 
FRANKLIN SQUARE, NEW YORK CITY. 


















======= THE BEST ======== 

BOOK ON BOXING 


EVER PUBLISHED. 


ACTUAL SIZE OF BOOK 5x8^ INCHES. 


‘Actual 9M *>f Hook r»x8? 4 luctu*«. 


BEST BOOK dN BOXING 

O 1 EVER PUBLISHED. O 


























































Handy Police Gazette Holder 


Prevents the Paper From Being Torn or Mutilated. 


HOLDER MAILED TO YOUR ADDRESS 25 CENTS. 


0 I nn For HOLDER and GAZETTE 

Ol'UU .... 13 WEEKS . . . . 


RICHARD K. FOX. Pub,, Franklin Square, New York City. 






















JVi/AT O |y(j4 



BARTENDERS’ GUIDE. 


A Complete And Reliable Manual For The Man 
Behind The Bar. 


It Contains a Great Many New Drinks, Besides all of 
the Recipes for the Most Popular Beverages. 


You Don’t Have To Think It Over When You 
Have This Book Handy. 

PRICE, - - - - 25 CENTS. 


RICHARD K. FOX, Pub,, Franklin Square. New York City. 


















THE GREATEST ILLUSTRATED SPORTIN 
WEEKLY IN THE WORLD. 



All Up-to-Date Newsdealers Sell the Polio 
Gazette and Fox’s Athletic Library. 



































































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